EFA Flashcards
Why can’t humans make linoleate and Linolenate?
Because they lack the enzyme delta 12 and delta 15 desaturases.
List the 4 omega 3 fatty acids.
18: 3 a-linolenic acid
20: 5 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
22: 5 Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)
22: 6 Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in
Name 6 omega 6 fatty acids.
18: 2 linoleic acid
18: 3 ¥-linolenic acid (GLA)
20: 3 dihomo-¥-linolenic acid (DGLA)
20: 4 arachidonic acid (AA)
22: 4 Adrenic acid
22: 5 Docosapentaenoic
What signs and symptoms of ALA deficiency and cite
Neurological abnormalities in 7 yr old girls- reversible
WHat EFAD signs and symptoms and cite
Poor growth rates, impaired immune function & dryness of the skin in many infants with low LA intakes. Hansen et al
What are the names of the essential fatty acids?
Linoleate omega six and Alpha Linolenate omega three
How are fats rendered soluble for absorption and transport into cells?
By associating with amphipathic bile salts and phospholipids to form complex aggregates known as micelles.
Explain digestion of triglycerides.
Lipases from mouth, stomach and pancreas cleave off fatty acids leaving 2-monoacylglycerol and 2 fatty acids.
What does FABP stand for?
Fatty acid binding proteins
What do FABP do?
They assist in facilitated diffusion of TAGs. By maintaining a diffusion gradient.
What drives the facilitated diffusion of dietary fats into the enterocytes?
FABPs and rapid re-esterification of LCFA to TAG within the enterocytes maintains diffusion gradient.
What percentage of TAG is absorbed?
90%
What is EPA?
Eicosapentaenoic (eicosa pent anoic)
What is DHA?
(Docosa hexa enoic)
What are the opposing effects of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids?
Most Arachidonic acid derived eicosanoids are pro-inflammatory and pro-arrhythmia where as n-3 oppose the effects.
