Educational policy Flashcards
Different types of schools
There are three main sectors of schools within the UK
State schools
Private schools
Alternative provision
State schools
Funding through government
Private schools
Fee paying
Alternative privision
Funding through government
Aim of educational policies
Politicians and educational advisors aim to introduce educational policies which will improve and raise the standards of education for all students regardless of social classs, ethnicity and gender
Educational,policy before 1944
Before 1870:there were no state schools. Children from wealthy families were privately tutored or attended fee paying
Working class children,drew has basic educational provided by churches
1870 education act (Forster Act) established the first schools for children up to the age of 10. Education Focused on religion, literacy and numeracy.
Pre 1979 educational policies
1944 - tripartite system
1960s - comprehensive schools
1944 educational act (Buttle act)- tripartite system
Three part system consisting of
grammar schools (for academic students)
secondary technical schools (for those showing aptitude for technical subjects - engineering
Secondary modern school (technical subjects such as wpodwork, cookery and needlework)
All schools aim to be equal and provide parity of esteem
Students sat at 11+ exam to determine which school they would attend 20% of students went to grammer schools, 75% to secondary modern schools and the remainder to secondary technical schools
11+ was it fair
Evaluation 1944 education act (butler act)
System wasted talent. Many secondary modern students were not allowed to take O levels, so left school at 15 with no qualifications
Social classs divide remained.
2/3 of boys from middle class backgrounds attended the grammer schools. Whilst only 1/4 of working class boys attended the grammer schools
Comprehensive system
Single for, of state secondary education for all
Students from all backgrounds and abilities would be offered the same opportunities to obtain qualifications and training.
Evaluation of comprehensive system
Aim was to reduce social classs differences in education, but it didn’t work. Many would argue that it didn’t support at the top or bottom, the system encourages mediocrity.
1979-1997 conservative policies
1988- education reform act
1.grant maintained schools
2. Formula funding
3. Open enrolment
4. National curricular
5. League tables
6. Ofsted
Grant maintained schools
State schools were allowed to opt out if local authority control if sufficient numbers of parent agreed.
Funded directly from government. So had control over how to spend its money.
Aim was to allow schools to specialise in certain subjects
Also to allow parents choice to encourage schools to compete for students
Evaluation of grant maintained schools
This was the start of marketisation of schools as it was encouraging schools to promote themselves to compete for students.
Formula funding
New system of funding, which was based on the number of enrolments
Successful schools would attract more students so receive more funding. Whilst a underperforming schools would loose funding and therefore be encourages to improve
Evaluation of formula funding
Marketisation policy which encourages schools to compete
Open enrolment
Parents were given the right to send their children to the schools of their choice.
The aim was to encourage schools to compete and improve their results.
Evaluation of open enrolment
Middle class students and parents benefited from this system as they were the ones who could do the research to find the best schools.
National curriculam
Government told teachers in England and Wales what to teach
Key stage tests at 17,11,14 to assess parts of the national curriculum. But also to assses teachers and students.
Evaluation of national curriculam
Ensured that everyone was getting the same curriculam.
League tables
In 1992 schools were required to publish their key stage, GCSE and A level results.
Local and national league tables were based on these results
They were intended to provide parents with information they needed to make an informed choice of schools and to encourage competition between schools
Evaluation of league tables
A good measure for parents to use when judging schools.
Ofsted
Introduction of Ofsted meant that schools could be monitored and assessed.
Parents could then use this information to decide if the school was good
Ofsted was an independent body who were also to make a judgement about a school and repost back to government.
Evaluation of Ofsted
1997-2010 new labour policies
Education action zones
Sure start
City academies
Education mainlanders allowance
Nation literacy strategy
University tuition fees.
Education action zones
Set up in 1998 to raise the motivation and attainment levels of underachieving students in deprived inner city areas
Funded by centrol government, with additional funding from businesses
They were run by an action forum,with
representatives from
Evaluation of education action zone
Set up in 1998
