Education, social class differences in achievement (external) Flashcards
what is cultural deprivation?
it is when students don’t have the cultural equipment to do well in school including, language, self discipline and reasoning skills
what are the three main aspects to cultural deprivation
language, parents education and working class subcultures
explain what is understood by language
it is identified that language is an essential part of a child’s development. Bernstein found that there were two speech codes, restricted code which is short and vague sentences commonly spoken by the working class. and elaborate code which is complex sentences with a vast amount of detail commonly spoken by the middle class
how does language effect achievement?
children could grow up unable to think abstractly or be unable to use language to explain and analyse or compare things. another problem children may face is the exam and work being wrote in elaborate code
what does Douglas say about parents education?
he says that working class parents place less value on education and as a result they were less ambitious for their children, gave them less encouragement, took less interest, visited school less and didn’t discuss progress with teachers.
what did Feinstein say about parents education?
he says that middle class parents are more likely to be educated and socialise their children to be positive towards education.
how do middle class parents get their children to be positive towards education?
parenting style- middle class parents will discipline and place high expectations on their children
parents educational behaviours- m/c parents engage in behaviours like reading and visiting educational places
use of income- parents spend money on their children
class, income and parental education.
what is a subculture?
a group whose attitudes and values differ from the mainstream culture
who identified the working class subcultures?
sugarman
what is fatalism?
a belief in fate of ‘what will be will be’ and there is nothing that can happen to change it
