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A Level Sociology Paper 1 AQA > Education Policies: Marketisation and Privatisation > Flashcards

Education Policies: Marketisation and Privatisation Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Marketisation: Define

A

The idea that market forces of supply and demand based on competition and consumer choice should be introduced to education

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2
Q

Marketisation: The New Right

A

Argue that schools should be run like businesses and parents should have a choice in the school they send their children to

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3
Q

Marketisation: 1988 Education Reform Act

A

-Parental Choice
-League Tables
-Formula Funding

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4
Q

Parental Choice: Define

A

Parents become consumers “shopping around” for the best school for their children

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5
Q

Parental Choice: How do parents choose?

A

Looking at OFSTED reports and prospectuses, attending open days

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6
Q

Parental Choice: How do schools become successful

A

Provide consumers with what they want (excellent exam results), schools that don’t will go out of business

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7
Q

Parental Choice: Parentocracy

A

All parents have a say in the school their children attend

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8
Q

Parental Choice: Parentocracy (The New Right)

A

Argue that if parents don’t get their children into the best schools it is their own fault - they should take an interest and research

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9
Q

Parental Choice AO3: Marxism

A

-Parentocracy is a myth and only MC parents are able to take advantage of greater choice because they have capital:
-Economic capital: pay for transport for a better school further away
-Educational capital: confident talking to teachers at open days

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10
Q

League Tables: Define

A

Exam results of all schools are published in league tables

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11
Q

League Tables: How do they encourage parentocracy?

A

Helping parents make an informed choice by comparing the success rates of different schools

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12
Q

League Tables: How do they encourage competition?

A

Want the best exam results and highest positions in the league tables so new students will want to come

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13
Q

League Tables: The New Right

A

Make it easy to identify the best schools and shame the worst into improving their standards or face closure

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14
Q

League Tables AO3: Cream-skimming

A

-The most successful schools cream skim their students to reach the top of the league tables
-Selecting MC girls who will achieve excellent exam results

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15
Q

League Tables AO3: Educational Triage (Gillborn and Youdell)

A

-Teachers allocate more resources and time to students on the C/D borderline to turn as many D’s to C’s
-Students in the “hopeless cases” category are given no extra support as they are unlikely to achieve a higher grade
-They are put in the bottom sets with behaviour issues
-Disadvantages less able students and reproduces social class inequalities because most are WC

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16
Q

Formula Funding: Define

A

The money schools receive for each student enrolled, they more students they have, the more money they will receive

17
Q

Formula Funding: Schools that attract lots of students

A

They will be be able to expand and improve further e.g afford new facilities and better teachers

18
Q

Formula Funding: Schools that don’t attract new students

A

Risk being closed down

19
Q

Formula Funding: The New Right

A

-Raises standards in all schools by forcing failing ones to improve otherwise they will be closed down

20
Q

Formula Funding: How does this reflect the economy

A

Some schools have more funding just like some businesses do better than others, schools acting and competing like businesses raises standards

21
Q

Formula Funding AO3: Competition

A

-Makes it harder for poorer schools to improve as students go to the more popular schools with better teachers
-Less successful schools lack resources to improve
-Results in polarisation of schools where high performing schools become more and more popular while underperforming one’s funding is further reduced

22
Q

The Coalition Government 2010-2015

A

-Free Schools
-Acadamies

23
Q

Free Schools: Define

A

A new type of state school that is free from the control of local authority

24
Q

Free Schools: How do they improve educational standards

A

Taking control away from the state and giving poster to parents

25
Q

Free Schools: Parentocracy

A

They are set up in response to the demands and wishes of parents and local people unhappy with the current schools in their area

26
Q

Free Schools: Supply and Demand

A

Market forces underpin free schools - parents are not happy and demand better schools, free schools are built to meet the demand

27
Q

Free Schools AO3: Increase educational inequalities

A

Full of White MC students as their parents have all types of capital and will demand a better education

28
Q

Free Schools AO3: Trojan Horse Scandal

A

-Some have been set up in muslim areas offering islamic focussed education for minority students
-The freedom of free schools contributes to a small number of schools in Birmingham teaching Islamic extremism

29
Q

Academies: Define

A

State schools that become independent academies free from control of local authority

30
Q

Academies: What do schools that become academies gain?

A

More freedom and control over the running of their school e.g change the length of the school day

31
Q

Academies: Where do they get funding from? what does this mean?

A

The government, no longer have to do what the local authority told them

32
Q

Academies: How does this correspond with marketisation

A

They are being run like businesses, left alone in the running and management of the school

33
Q

Academies: Converter Acadamies

A

Successful schools that choose to become academies for the freedom it brings e.g Hull Trinity House

34
Q

Privatisation: Define

A

Refers to private companies taking over the running of education e.g Exam Boards and Supply Agencies

35
Q

Exam Boards: Explain

A

Profit making business -charge for everything e.g remarks (£50 per paper) getting exam back, teacher training

36
Q

Exam Boards AO3: Marxism

A

-Reproduces social class inequalities - WC suffer material deprivation and can’t afford remarks
-They don’t have the opportunity to challenge their grades meaning they may lose their place at university

37
Q

Supply Agencies: Explain

A

Profit making business - charge around £180 a day for a supply teacher

38
Q

Supply Agencies AO3: High fees

A

Many schools can’t afford so employ cover supervisors who are usually unqualified and lack classroom management skills, learning is often limited as they cover all subjects

A Level Sociology Paper 1 AQA (7 decks)

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