education policies Flashcards
What is a policy?
A rule or action set out by government
When was the tripartite system introduced?
1944
What was the Education Act of 1944?
Introduction of free secondary education for all up to the age of 15
What did the tripartite system consist of?
Grammar schools
Secondary Modern Schools
Technical schools
What were grammar schools in the Tripartite system?
-For people who passed 11+ (mainly MC)
-access to academic curriculum
-access to higher education (university)
-20% attended
What were secondary modern schools in the Tripartite system?
-Practical curriculum
-for those who didn’t pass 11+ (Usually WC)
-access to manual work
-75% attended
What were technical schools in the Tripartite system?
-vocational education
-failed 11+, but showed specific talent
-5% attended
Strength of Tripartite system?
-grammar schools provided guaranteed social mobility for WC students who attended
Criticism of Tripartite system?
-reproduced class inequality
as 11+ was culturally biased
-system discriminated against girls as they needed higher marks than boys
Which party brought in the Tripartite system?
Conservative
When was the comprehensive system introduced?
1965
What did the comprehensive system introduce?
Everybody would attend the same school (comprehensive schools)
What type of system was the comprehensive system?
One size fits all
Which party brought in the comprehensive system?
Labour
Why was the comprehensive system introduced?
Labour governments wanted to support the disadvantaged in society (WC)
What is a strength of the comprehensive system?
Produced mixing of social class, equal opportunities for all
What is a criticism of the comprehensive system?
Still reproduced class inequality :
Streaming: streamed into ability groups, MC in higher streams, WC in lower streams which lowered self esteem
Labelling: WC pupils labelled negatively and restrict their opportunities
When was the education reform act introduced?
1988
Which party/prime minister introduced the education reform act?
Conservatives, led by Margaret Thatcher
What did her party argue about the education system?
That it had become lax (lenient) and standards are low
What is marketisation?
The introduction of competition and choice
Why was marketisation introduced?
To raise standards in schools
What were the aims of the education reform act
-Reduce direct state control
-Raise standards through marketisation
-Give parents more choice
What is Parentocracy?
Power to parents (more choice)
What marketisation policies were brought in? (ERA)
-OFSTED
-League tables
-Open enrolment
-Formula funding
