education - internal - topic 2

Question 1

what is labelling

Answer 1

is attatching a meaning or definition

Question 2

how may a teacher label a student

Answer 2

as bright or troublemaker ect.

Question 3

are labels always based on behavior

Answer 3

no, often labels are theh result of stereotypes reagrdless of behavuor

Question 4

why might a student be labelled

Answer 4

positivly - ideal pupil - white w/c
negativly - em - or w/c

Question 5

which sociologist investgates labelling

Answer 5

interactionists

Question 6

what do interactionists study

Answer 6

• small scale face to face interactions between individuals.
• they are intereted in how people label each other and the effects of being labelled.

Question 7

howard becker study (1971) - labelling

Answer 7

interactionist study of labelling, based on interviews with 60 chicargo high school teachers, hefound that they judged pupils based on how closely they fit the ideal pupil.
- w/c not ideal
- m/c closer to ideal

Question 8

do all teachers have the same ideal pupil + study example

Answer 8

no, amelia hempel- jorgenson (2009) :
- in majority w/c schools, if discipline is difficult, the ideal pupil is passive, quiet and obidient. the label is based in behavior not ability
- whereas m/c schools where discipline is not an issue, the ideal pupil is defined by inteligence and personality

Question 9

investoigating teachers expectations

Question 10

labelling in secondary schools: M.Dunne and I.Gazely (2008)

Answer 10

schools persistantly produce w/c underachivemet because of labels and assumptions of teachers
- interviews: teachers normalise the underachievement of w/c pupils, wheras they beilves they could overcome the underachivemnet of m/c pupils.

this was because the teachers beliefs about the home life - wc parenents do not care and underestermate w/c potential

Question 11

example of how m/c and w/c children are treateed differently by teachers

Answer 11

• set extensionn work for underachieving m/c
• underachiving w/c are put on easier exams

Question 12

labelling in primary schools :

Question 13

what is a self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 13

a prediction that becomes true simplyy by vurtue of it being made

Question 14

explain the process of a teacher labelling a pupill, which then leads to them becoming a slef fulfiling prophecy. - achivement

Answer 14

1- the teacher labels a pupil and makes predictions on the basis of this label
2- the teacher treats the stidemt accordingly, acting asif the label is already true
3- the pupil internalises the teachers expectations which becoms apart of his self concept, so they actually become the label