Education

Question 1

Mechanical Solidarity

Answer 1

Collective consciousness

Question 2

Organic Solidarity

Answer 2

Inter-dependence

Question 3

Value Consensus

Answer 3

• Broad agreement about values

- Achieved through socialisation institutions like education, family and places of worship

Question 4

Universalistic Standards

Answer 4

Only achieved through socialisation outside the family

Question 5

Meritocracy

Answer 5

A society formed by people achieving according to their merit

Question 6

Hegemony

Answer 6

Dominance of one group over another

Question 7

Fatalism

Answer 7

Acceptance of something being inevitable, no matter what you do about it

Question 8

Patriarchal Ideas

Answer 8

Ideas that suggest there is a male dominance, even hegemony, in society.

Question 9

Self Fulfilling Prophecies

Answer 9

When a person’s expectations about someone else of even themselves can lead to behaviour manifesting in that way.

Question 10

Material Deprivation

Answer 10

Not being able to afford the basic materials needed

Question 11

Cultural and Social Capital

Answer 11

How many values, skills and areas of knowledge you have that allow you to function fully/highly in society

Question 12

Anti-school Subcultures

Answer 12

Small groups of students who rebel against school.

Could be due to “in school” reasons or “out of school” reasons.

Question 13

Elaborate Codes

Answer 13

Behaviour displayed towards those who might not understand.

Question 14

Restricted Codes

Answer 14

A behaviour reserved for those who share insider knowledge.

Question 15

Ethnocentric Curriculum

Answer 15

Reflecting a narrow belief about a dominant culture or Race.

Question 16

Institutional Racism

Answer 16

Racism that simply exists because it is embedded as a normal behaviour in society.

Question 17

Hidden Curriculum

Answer 17

Lessons that are learnt but not intended to be learnt.

Question 18

Globalisation

Answer 18

The increasing connectivity between different areas of the world because of trade and cultural exchange.

Question 19

Labelling Theory

Answer 19

Self-identity and behaviour might come about because of how others label our behaviours.

Question 20

Durkheim’s Theory on Education

Answer 20

• Secondary socialisation

- Organic solidarity

Question 21

Parson’s Theory on Education

Answer 21

• Role allocation

- Meritocracy

Question 22

Davis & Moore’s theory on Education

Answer 22

• Needs to be a system on unequal rewards

- Essential social stratification

Question 23

New Right perspective on Education

Answer 23

There needs to be competition and less focus on collaboration and fairness. For example, introduction of school league tables.