education 3 key terms

Question 1

Hidden curriculum

Answer 1

Attitude and behaviours that are taught through the process of attending school (school organisation, teacher attitudes) but are not part of the formal curriculum

Question 2

Labelling

Answer 2

The process of classifying or defining a person in a certain way.

Question 3

Stereotype

Answer 3

A generalised or oversimplified view of social groups. Doesn’t allow for individual differences.

Question 4

Halo effect

Answer 4

This is when a pupil becomes stereotyped on the basis of earlier teacher impressions. This then influences the way in which a teacher interacts with that pupil.

Question 5

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 5

This is where someone lives up to their label. The label becomes true.

Question 6

Pivotal identity

Answer 6

This is when your label becomes your core identity.

Question 6

Ideal pupil

Answer 6

The ideal pupil is a concept, often based on a stereotype, which influences teacher’s judgements of pupils. For example, the ideal pupil identity might include hard work, performing well academically and good behaviour.

Question 7

Setting

Answer 7

Settings where students are divided into groups of similar ability in particular subjects, for example maths.

Question 8

Streaming

Answer 8

Streaming is where students are divided into groups of similar ability in which they stay for all of their subjects.

Question 9

Educational triage

Answer 9

Educational triage refers to the way schools divide pupils into three groups - those who are likely to succeed in exams, those who have a chance of succeeding with some help and those who have little chance of succeeding at all.

Question 10

Differentiation

Answer 10

This is the process of dividing students into different groups - sets or streams - according to criteria.

Question 11

Polarisation

Answer 11

Polarisation is a consequence of differentiation and it refers to the way students become divided into two opposing groups or poles - those in the top stream and those in the bottom stream.

Question 12

Pro-school subculture

Answer 12

A pro-school subculture is a group of students whose values, attitudes and behaviour are pro school - therefore they conform to the aims, ethos and rules of the school.

Question 13

Anti-education resistance

Answer 13

An anti-school subculture refers to a group in school whose values, attitudes and behaviour is in opposition to those of the school.

Question 14

Subculture of resistance

Answer 14

This is a group that not only has some difference from the dominant culture but actively opposes it.

Question 15

Ladette

Answer 15

A ladette is a girl whose behaviour mimics that of boys.

Question 16

Determinism

Answer 16

This is the view that one thing leads to another, for example that labelling leads to a self fulfilling prophecy. It sees individuals as lacking free will.

Question 17

Banding

Answer 17

Learning groups have a range of abilities.