Education Flashcards
Interactionist argument about anti social school subculture
Interactionists argue th anti school subcultures are a reaction to children being labelled as failure
What does Paul Willies argue about anti school subculture
Paul Willis arguesthat some children realise that it is not possible for everyone in school to succeed at school and careers and so they reject school and its academic nature
functionalist view on education
view it positively
believe education helps society work smoothly
It reaches shared values skills, and prepares student for jobs
key sociologists
Durkheim
Parsons
David and Moore
Emile Durkheim
What does Durkheim believe abt education?
Durkheim believes that school creates social solidarity
What does Parson believe abt education?
Parson believes that school prepares children for adult life
What do David adn Moore believe abt education?
Davis and Moore believe that education sorts people into jobs based on their ability.
The most talented get the most important jobs(e.g doctors, lawers)
What do marxists believe abt education?
Marxists view education education negatively.
They believe education mantains social inequality and benefits the ruling class (burgeouise the rich)
What’s hidden curriculm
Hidden curriculm are is what students learn without directly being thought in school (e.g obedience, respecting people, honesty, cultural differences)
What do Bowels and Gintis argue
Bowels and Gintis argue that eduation creates class inequality through the hidden curriculm
Who are the ‘Lads’?
A group of working-class boys in a UK school who rejected school values.
They rejected school, messed around, and saw education as pointless.
who studied the ‘Lads’
Paul WIlls
Anti-School Subculture
The ‘lads’ saw the school as boring and believed success came from manual labor, not education.
who found out abt anti school subculture?
Paul WIlls
What happened to ‘lads’
Even though they resisted school, they still ended up in low-paid, working-class jobs, proving the Marxist idea that education maintains class inequality.
Feminist perspective abt eduaction
Feminist argue that education reinforces patriachy and gender inequalities.
How does education reinforce patriachy and gender inequalities? (feminist view)
education reinforce patriachy and gender inequalities thorugh
Stereotypes
Teachers may have different expectations for boys and girls
Boys are often encouraged to be leader and confident, while girls are expected to be quiet and well behaved
Certain sub are seen as more masculine. such as p.e
e.g od hidden curriculm
Following rules
being on time
competition
gender roles
class difference
Who invented the TRIPARTITE SYSTEM?
Buttler education act
What is the tripartite system
Tripartite system is
Grammar school
Secondary modern school
Technical high school
Where Did the Rich People Go?
Private Schools & Elite Education 🎓
Higher Education & Top Universities
What class were the lads in?
working class
What type of school did rich upper class ppl attend?
grammar schools, public schools, and private schools
Problems with 11+ Exam ❌
Unfair to working-class students
If you failed, you couldn’t go to a grammar school.
Most grammar school students were middle-class, while working-class children went to secondary moderns and got fewer career opportunities.
How Did the Grammar sch work?
1️⃣ Grammar Schools 🏫
For students who passed the 11+ (usually middle-class).
Focused on academic subjects and prepared students for university.
How did Secondary Modern Schools 🏢
For students who failed the 11+ (mostly working-class).
These schools focused on practical skills (e.g., woodwork, metalwork, domestic science).
3️⃣How did technical Schools ⚙️
For students with skills in science, engineering, or mechanics (but these were rare).
when was the tripartite sysytem invented
Tripartite System and was introduced in 1944.
Where Did Poor (Working-Class) Children Go After the 11+ Exam if they failed?
1️⃣ Secondary Modern Schools 🏫
These schools focused on practical skills (e.g., woodwork, metalwork, domestic science).
They did NOT offer the same academic qualifications as grammar schools.
Most students left at age 15 or 16 with few qualifications and went into low-paid, manual jobs.
2️⃣ Technical Schools ⚙️ (very rare!)
Some students (especially those good at science or mechanics) went to technical schools.
These prepared them for skilled trades (e.g., engineering, construction), but there were very few of these schools.
why did the working class usually fail?
Working-class kids had fewer resources and usually failed.
This meant rich kids got better jobs, and poor kids stayed in working-class jobs.
What Happened to Poor Children?
They had fewer opportunities – Most went straight into factory work, trade jobs, or clerical work.
They couldn’t go to university – Secondary modern schools didn’t prepare students for higher education.
The system reinforced class divisions – The rich stayed rich, and the poor stayed poor because of the school system.
How did the middle class pass?
Middle-class kids had tutors and advantages, so they passed.
who made the education free
1944 – The Butler Education Act
The upper class and middle had more oppurtunity, how can this be a disanvatage to for the lower class or working class?
This meant rich kids got better jobs, and poor kids stayed in working-class jobs.
what happenede in 1972
1972 – School Leaving Age Raised to 16
what happened in 2015
Now, students must stay in education, training, or apprenticeships until age 18.
meritocratic meaing
A meritocratic system is one where people succeed based on hard work and ability, not wealth or social class.
Social Mobility meaning
Moving up or down social classes through education or jobs.
Cultural Capital
Middle-class knowledge & skills that help students succeed in school.
Material Deprivation
ack of money/resources that affects school success (e.g., no books, no internet).
Labelling meaning in education
Teachers give students labels (e.g., “smart” or “troublemaker”), which can affect achievement.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy meaning
When a student lives up to their label (e.g., if called “lazy,” they stop trying).
Streaming/Setting meaning
putting students into higher or lower ability groups. e,g sets
Correspondence Principle meaning
Education prepares students for work (e.g., school rules = work discipline).
Comprehensive Schools meaning
Schools for all students, regardless of ability.
Gender Gap meaning
– Differences in achievement between boys & girls (girls now outperform boys in most subjects).
Ethnocentric Curriculum meannign
School subjects focus on white British history & culture, ignoring others.
