crime and deviance Flashcards
What is crime
crime is any act or behaviour that goes against the law
What’s deviance
Behavior, actions, or beliefs that violate societal norms or expectations. e.g pushing in the line
what’s chiverly thesis
The Chivalry Thesis says that women are treated more leniently than men by the police, courts, and criminal justice system.
What’s White-collar crimes
crime committed by businesses e.g fraud
What’s Hate crimes
prejudice against specific groups e.g race religion etc…
Example of chivelry thesis
Women are less likely to be arrested or charged for crimes.
if convicted, they might get lighter punishments than men for the same crime
What’s dark figure of crime
all crime that are not witnessed, reported or recorded by police
what’s deviance amplification
when media exaggerates a crime or deviance in soicety
Deviance is subjective, meaning i meaning
it can vary depending on time, place, and culture.
functionalist view on crime
Crime is a normal and part of society and can even serve a positive function.
what does funtionalist argue about crime
Durkheim argued that some crime is necessary for society because it helps maintain social order and reinforces social norms. For example, crime can promote social change
Anomie
A state of normlessness or breakdown of societal norms, often leading to higher levels of crime.
Social Cohesion
Crime can bring people together to strengthen societal values (e.g., national tragedies uniting people).
Marxist view on crime
Marxists believe crime happens because society is unfair under capitalism.
The rich make the laws to benefit themselves and control the poor.
The working class commit crime because of poverty and inequality.
White-collar crime (fraud, tax evasion) by the rich is often ignored, while the poor are punished more harshly.
Marxist argue on crime
Marxists argue that the laws are created by the ruling class (bourgeoisie) to maintain their power and wealth.
Functionalist Perspectives on crime
Crime happens in all societies and can have good effects, like bringing people together or leading to change.
Merton: Some people commit crime because they can’t achieve goals (like money) legally.
Marxists view on crime
Crime is caused by unfairness in society (rich vs. poor).
Laws are made to help the rich and control the poor.
What’s deviance
Behaviour that goes against the norms and values of a society but is not illegal (e.g pushing in the line)
What’s social control
(Formal and informal) that regulate behaviour,such as laws,education and family
What r the 2 types of sanction
Positive and negative sanction
What positive sanction
Rewards for doing the right things
What a negative sanction
Punishment for not following the rule
what’s Labelling Theory
If someone is called a criminal, they might act more like one.
Feminists view on crime
Women’s crimes (like shoplifting) are often linked to poverty or inequality.
Crimes against women (like domestic abuse) are sometimes ignored.