Education Flashcards
What was the aim of education in the WR?
a common integrated education system (no religious education; greater social mobility; unified)
Who controlled education in the WR? what did this mean?
The Lander, thus there remained a diverse range of education and schools
was the aim for education in the WR achieved?
No- although the WG tried to implement a federal law to give regional guidelines in both 1921 and 1925, the Reichstag could not agree on it’s principles and the centre party fought for confessional schools
However- an inspection system meant that private and religious schools had to meet the same standards as state schools
What was the tripartite education system of the WR?
Hauptschule
Realschule
Gymnasium
Describe primary education in the WR
-compulsory primary Grandschule (aged 6-10)
-new law of 1920 created a single type of primary school; began to phase out religious schools
Describe secondary school education in the WR
most secondary education from the age of 10 had to be paid for yet this was affordable
How many faith based schools were there in 1931?
80% of schools were faith based
-29,000 protestant schools
-15,256 catholic schools
-97 Jewish schools
-8,291 non-confessional schools
-295 secular schools
What evidence is there that teaching was a right-wing profession in the Weimar Republic?
in 1933, 300 university professors signed an appeal to the German people to vote nazi
Why did teachers tend to support the Nazi party in the WR?
Teachers weren’t paid very well, particularly after 1929 and were attracted by the Nazi party who promised to make education the foundation of the new reich
What evidence is there of a right-wing student base in the WR?
-in 1931 there were anti-semitic riots in universities
-60% of students were members of the Nazi students league
How many working class students attended university in the WR?
2.3%
How did secondary education curriculum differ in the WR?
Hauptschule (5 years)- apprenticeships or trade
Realschule (6 years)- business or technical training
Gymnasium ( 9 years)- prepared for university
What evidence is there of radical education in the Weimar Republic?
4 Steiner schools opened 1919-1925: these schools served the interests of students and wanted to fulfil them has human. beings rather than servants of the state
What was the aim for education in Nazi Germany?
-a classless, equal state system of education ‘a total educational state’
- wanted to indoctrinate the youth with notions of racial supremacy and nazism
How was education centralised under the Nazi’s?
-lander lost control of education following the law for the reconstruction of the reich (1934)
-in May 1934 Bernard Rust was made head of the new ministry for education, culture and science
How was education altered in 1935?
a series of central directives controlled what was taught in schools all across Germany
how were the structure of schools affected under Nazi rule?
-State school structure remained; children attended the Volkschule
-Private primary school education was abolished
-Confessional schools abolished
-Fee paying secondary schools and universities remained only for pure germans
What occurred march 20,1933?
separate education for girls and boys to prepare them for their stereotyped roles
What were created on April 20,1933?
21 National political education institutions (NAPOLAS schools) to train boys for roles in the SS (12-18).
What were Adolf hitler schools? When were they created?
-created in 1937 (12 schools served to indoctrinate youth with notions of Nazism- 3 of the schools educated women)
-students were chosen via Strict observance by Hitler Youth leadership of a candidate’s social fitness through contests and their social adaptability during leisure time
