educake eye

Question 1

Where is the thermoregulatory centre located in the body?

Answer 1

The thermoregulatory centre is located in the brain, which is protected by the skull.

Question 2

what is the thermoregulatory centre responsible for ?

Answer 2

A region of the brain that is responsible for regulating body temperature to maintain homeostasis.

Question 3

core body temperature is monitored by the what?

Answer 3

thermoregulatory centre

Question 4

how does the body help the body to lose heat.

Answer 4

When the core body temperature is higher than normal, the sweat glands in the skin release sweat. This helps the body to lose heat.

Question 5

glands (2)

Answer 5

• Glands are found in many parts of the body.
• They secrete chemicals in response to a stimulus.

Question 6

What scientific term is used to describe the process of controlling body temperature?

Answer 6

thermoregulation

Question 7

in the eye what is the opening that allows light to enter.

Answer 7

The pupil is the opening (aperture) in the iris which allows light to enter the eye.

Question 8

What is the term for short-sightedness?

Answer 8

This condition is called myopia.

Question 9

What is the definition for short-sightedness?

Answer 9

A person with short-sightedness can see near objects clearly but cannot focus properly on distant objects

Question 10

what is the cerebral cortex

Answer 10

The cerebral cortex is highly folded and comprises a large part of the human brain. The cerebral cortex is they grey matter that makes up the outer layer of the cerebrum.

Question 11

what can short-sightedness can be corrected by

Answer 11

by wearing glasses with concave lenses.
thick lenses

Question 12

Which part of the eye transmits signals to the brain?

Answer 12

The optic nerve transmits signals from the eye to the brain.

Question 13

A camera focuses by moving a lens towards or away from a light-sensitive layer. Is this the same or different in the human eye?

Answer 13

“different”
In the human eye, the shape of the lens is changed, rather than the position of the lens.

Question 14

What stimuli are receptors in the nose and tongue sensitive to?

Answer 14

The nose has receptors sensitive to chemicals in the air and the tongue has receptors sensitive to chemicals in the food we eat.

Question 15

Receptors in the skin are sensitive to what?

Answer 15

pain, pressure, touch and temperature

Question 16

True or false? When focusing on distant objects, the shape of the lens in the eye is short and fat.

Answer 16

This is false.
When focusing on distant objects, the shape of the lens in the eye is long and thin. Since the source is far away, the rays will be nearly parallel so require less bending to focus on the retina.

Question 17

What name is given to the opening at the front of the eye through which light enters?

Answer 17

The pupil is the opening in the iris through which light passes before reaching the lens and being focussed on the retina.

Question 18

Receptors in the thermoregulatory centre of the brain directly monitor changes in the temperature of the… what?

Answer 18

monitor changes in the temperature of the blood as it flows past them on its way around the body.

Question 19

Name the part of the eye that connects the ciliary muscle to the lens.

Answer 19

suspensory ligaments

Question 20

where is temperature receptors located in?

Answer 20

Temperature receptors are located in the brain and the skin.

Question 21

What type of lens can be used to correct long sight?

Answer 21

Converging (or convex) lenses bring the light rays closer, moving the image location forwards, onto the retina.

Question 22

what controls the unconscious activities such as breathing rate and heart rate.

Answer 22

medulla oblongata

Question 23

what is Vasodilation

Answer 23

Vasodilation is a process that occurs in response to the body becoming too hot. The changes it brings about result in more heat being lost from the body and the temperature being returned to normal.

Question 24

When you need to focus on distant objects your ciliary muscles must be… what?

Answer 24

“relaxed”
When the eye focuses on a distant object the ciliary muscle relaxes allowing the lens to become thinner in shape.

Question 25

What is the main mechanism that the body uses to cool itself down if it starts to overheat?

Answer 25

sweat
it produces sweat which helps the body to cool down.

Question 26

Which part of the eye changes shape to increase or decrease the amount of light that enters into the eye?

Answer 26

iris

Question 27

Is your skin more likely to be flushed red in freezing or hot temperatures?

Answer 27

“hot temperatures” or “hot”
In hot temperatures, human skin appears flushed because of the extra blood supply. In cooler temperatures, skin may be paler or have less of a red tone.

Question 28

What name is given to the furthest position an object can be from the eye and still be focused clearly?

Answer 28

“far point” or “infinity”
The far point is the furthest point at which an object can be placed and still form a focussed image on the retina.

Question 29

When the body temperature becomes hot, what dose the hairs on the skin surface do?

Answer 29

lie flat allowing the body to lose heat and cool down.

Question 30

What organ in the body usually reacts to temperature first?

Answer 30

skin
as the skin contains hot and cold temperature receptors.

Question 31

you are short-sighted. Where will your lens produce the sharpest image?

Answer 31

In a short-sighted person the image is formed in front of the retina.

Question 32

what happens if the body temperature is too high?

Answer 32

When the body temperature is too high, changes occur in the blood vessels and sweat producing glands.

Question 33

where is the image formed if you are long-sighted

Answer 33

The image is being formed behind the retina, so they are long-sighted.

Question 34

What is the term for long-sightedness?

Answer 34

hyperopia

Question 35

What name is given to the rapid contraction of the muscles that occurs when the core body temperature is too low?

Answer 35

we shiver as the muscles contract and relax rapidly.

Question 36

Short sight may be caused by the eyeball being too… what?

Answer 36

“long”
If the eyeball is too long it means that the distance between the lens and the retina is too great so the lens focusses light in front of the retina instead of onto it.

Question 37

What term is used for the maintenance of conditions inside the body (such as temperature) within a certain optimum range?

Answer 37

homeostasis

Question 38

If we are too cold, blood is withdrawn from the limbs to where?

Answer 38

When the body becomes too cold, blood is diverted from the limbs to the core to decrease heat loss.

Question 39

Bringing blood to the surface of the skin helps to cool us down by losing heat through what type of heat transfer?

Answer 39

When the body loses heat through the skin, it does so by a type of heat transfer called radiation.

Question 40

what is the white outer layer of the eye is called

Answer 40

The white outer layer of the eye is called the sclera or sclerotic. It protects the eye from injury.

Question 41

In a reflex action, muscles respond by doing what?

Answer 41

When muscles receive impulses from nerves, they contract.