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Gen Pathology > Edema > Flashcards

Edema Flashcards

1
Q

causes protein wasting including albumin

A

Kidney disease

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2
Q

hi hydrostatic pressure causes

A

more fluid pushes out

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3
Q

The two Filarial worms are: BW

A

1 Brugia malayi
2 Wuchereria bancrofti

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4
Q

Since fluid continuously flows from arterial to venous side
= there are still pressures present (HPC, OPC, HPE, OPE) in venous side BUT only the HPE changed (35 mmHg -> 17 mmHg)

Why did HPE went down?

A

HPE has low water & hi solute concentration
= creates greater osmotic pressure in venous side

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5
Q

Formula for Net Filtration Pressure:

A

NFPA = Pressure OUT - Pressure IN

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6
Q

When sphincters closed blood flows through

A

metarteriole through fare channel & bypasses true capillaries

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7
Q

Where is albumin synthesized?

A

Liver

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8
Q

Filarial worms in lymphatic vessel causes (1) (2) (3)

A

(1) cause blockage
(2) making lv highly permeable
(3) fluid can backflow to ee

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9
Q

You pushed out 20 ml of fluid into arterial site when fluid goes back to venous end you will received less, 17 ml. Where did the 3 ml go? It will be taken by lymphatic system, why?

A

1 it provides proper blood volume
2 it cleanses the blood & returns it back to circulation via thoracic duct -> subclavian vein -> heart w proper heart vol
3 therefor, whatever antigen present it will be clean

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10
Q

WHAT CAUSES EDEMA OUTSIDE INFLAMMATION?

A

HLiCK:
Hypertension
Liver disease
consider pressure
Kidney disease

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11
Q

If fluid direction is outwards = _____; If fluid direction in inward = _____

A

(1) positive
(2) negative

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12
Q

regulates the movement of blood to the capillaries (meta arteriole -> true capillaries)

A

Sphincter

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13
Q

hi number of systolic or diastolic pressure

A

Hypertension

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14
Q

The system responsible for the ff:
If an antigen or foreign body enters the body, it sequesters fluid & circulates it as lymph

all of these lymph nodes are collected & end up in the thoracic duct it empties in the subclavian vein

A

lymphatic system

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15
Q

if parasites enters a person that resides in the lymphatic vessels provides antigen

A

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

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16
Q

severe enlargement of the limbs, breasts, scrotum

A

Elephantiasis

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17
Q

cause lower solute concentration -> lowering osmotic pressure results in:

A

low albumin production

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18
Q
  • lowers osmotic pressure
    = no pressure to pull back fluid to circulation
  • cause summation / accumulation of fluid of out ee
    = swelling & edema

the ff is due to

A

low albumin

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19
Q

Pressure in the capillaries, pulls fluid from extra environment going in the true capillaries

choose:
(1) Hydrostatic pressure
of the Capillary
(2) OPC: Osmotic pressure of the Capillary
(3) Systolic Pressure

A

Osmotic pressure
of the Capillary

20
Q

Blood is composed of formed elements (1), (2), (3)

A

LET:
Leukocytes (wbc)
Erythrocytes (rbc) &
Thrombocytes (platelets)

21
Q

Fluid component of blood that goes out to extracellular environment

A

Plasma

22
Q

essential for creating osmotic pressure in venous side of capillary (allowing the pulling of fluid out from the external environment to venous end of the capillary)

function maintain proper blood vol thru sequestering fluid from ee down to the capillary bed in venous side so the proper vol of blood will be re circulated throughout the body

A

Albumin

23
Q

Hemo: _____; Dynamic: ______

A

(1) blood; (2) movement of fluid within the vessels

24
Q

In plasma ____ % water; ____% protein

A

(1) 95%
(2) 5%

25
Q

directly feed into the capillary bed, give off branches to true capillaries

A

Terminal arteriole

26
Q

____ causes Elephantiasis (severe enlargement of the limbs, breasts, scrotum) from mosquito bite

A

Filariasis

27
Q

Hydrostatic pressure
of the Capillary (number)

A

35 mmHg

28
Q

Osmotic pressure
of the Capillary (number)

A

25 mmHg

29
Q

Types of Pressure at Arterial Site

A

(1) Hydrostatic Pressure in Extracellular Environment
(2) Osmotic Pressure in Extracellular Environment

30
Q

dec as blood moves further & further to the organs, by the time HP reaches true capillaries

choose:
(1) Hydrostatic pressure
of the Capillary
(2) OPC: Osmotic pressure of the Capillary
(3) Systolic Pressure

A

(3) Systolic Pressure

31
Q

“Intercepting vessels”
role: if there is blockage due to tumor: enables blood flow by diverting to another area & other cells will still receive enough oxygen & nutrients

A

Anastomoses

32
Q

Pressure that pulls fluid out of the true capillaries to extracellular environment

choose:
(1) Hydrostatic Pressure in Extracellular Environment
(2) Osmotic Pressure in Extracellular Environment

A

(2) Osmotic Pressure in Extracellular Environment

33
Q

combination of metarteriole & thoroughfare channel,
an example of arterio-venous anastomoses

A

Vascular Shunt

34
Q

___ carry blood away; ___ carry blood towards heart

A

(1) arterial side
(2) venous side

35
Q

When sphincters open blood flows through _____

A

True capillaries

36
Q

terminal arteriole to boundary from vein

A

Metarteriole

37
Q

could impede albumin production

A

Liver disease

38
Q

Systolic pressure (number)

A

120 mmHg -> 25 mmHg

39
Q

The extracellular environment is filled with ____ located in the outside environment of ____

A

(1) interstitial fluid
(2) capillary bed

40
Q

also known as “Plasma Colloid Osmotic Pressure”

choose:
(1) Hydrostatic pressure
of the Capillary
(2) OPC: Osmotic pressure of the Capillary
(3) Systolic Pressure

A

(2) OPC: Osmotic pressure of the Capillary

41
Q

Pressure that pushed material into the capillary

choose:
(1) Hydrostatic Pressure in Extracellular Environment
(2) Osmotic Pressure in Extracellular Environment

A

(1) Hydrostatic Pressure in Extracellular

42
Q

Kidney disease can cause CGC

A

chronic kidney disorder, Glomerulonephritis, continuous UTI

43
Q

the ff prevents albumin production: (1) (2)

A

(1) if fluid cant be taken in due to liver disease
(2) if px has kidney disease

44
Q

TYPES OF PRESSURE IN THE CAPILLARY

A

(1) Hydrostatic pressure
of the Capillary
(2) OPC: Osmotic pressure of the Capillary
(3) Systolic Pressure

45
Q

Almost always non existent therefor (0 mmHg), it will only have value if there is pathology (patient undergoing condition)

choose:
(1) Hydrostatic Pressure in Extracellular Environment
(2) Osmotic Pressure in Extracellular Environment

A

(1) Hydrostatic Pressure in Extracellular Environment

46
Q

pushes plasma/fluid out from the true capillaries to extracellular environment to be part or the interstitial fluid

choose:
(1) Hydrostatic pressure
of the Capillary
(2) OPC: Osmotic pressure of the Capillary
(3) Systolic Pressure

A

(1) Hydrostatic pressure
of the Capillary

Gen Pathology (5 decks)

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