Eddie Mabo Flashcards

1
Q

who was eddie mabo?

A

Meriam land rights campaigner

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2
Q

when and where was he born?

A

He was born on the 29th of June, 1936 and died on the 21st of January, 1992 aged 55. He was born on the island of Mer, also known as Murray Island.

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3
Q

define terra nullius, its definer, and it’s contradiction

A

When Captain Cook arrived in Australia, he declared the land Terra nullius , meaning land belonging to no one. This was contradictory to the fact that Aboriginal people had occupied the land for thousands of years before the British arrived.

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4
Q

what is the Queensland Coast Islands Declaratory Act

A

abolished the claim Torres Strait Islander people had on the Islands on the coast of Queensland, and the claim the Meriam people had on Murray Islands.

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5
Q

when was the Queensland Coast Islands Declaratory Act passed?

A

1985

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6
Q

what was mabo’s speech at james cook uni about

A

His speech was about the land rights his people had been denied on the Island of Mer, and how traditional Aboriginal custom was how the land was passed down through families. the speech was heard and had an impact on many academics.

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7
Q

how did eddie mabo find out about his lack of land rights?

A

As a gardener at James Cook University, Mabo was convinced of his ownership of the land his people had lived on for thousands of years, but he discovered it was quite the opposite from a historian in 1974. The historian, Henry Reynolds, said Mabo’s face was one of ‘horror and incredulity’ when he discovered the doctrine of terra nullius, and this initiated Mabo’s journey of challenging the High Court.

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8
Q

when was the james cook uni speech?

A

1981

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9
Q

when did mabo find out he didnt own his land

A

1974

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10
Q

what was mabo vs. queensland no 1 about, and what was the outcome

A

in the end, the case resulted in the overturning of the Queensland Coast Islands Declaratory Act, because it was in breach of the 1975 Racial Discrimination Act which makes certain discriminatory acts unlawful.

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11
Q

when was mabo vs queensland no. 1

A

The case went on for 2 years, from 1986 to 1988

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12
Q

when was mabo vs. queensland no. 2

A

28 May 1992 – 3 June 1992.

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13
Q

who heard mabo’s speech at james cook uni

A

a lawyer, Greg McIntyre, who approached Mabo after his speech and suggested he take the case to the Queensland government. McIntyre would later go on to be one of Mabo’s leading baristas in the case.

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14
Q

who was on mabo’s legal team

A

Eddie Mabo, four other Meriam people, and a legal team of 3 lawyers

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15
Q

what was mabo. vs queensland no 2 about, and wha was the result

A

it was about the doctrine of terra nullius
It overturned the myth, or legal fiction, of terra nullius, and first established the principle of Native Title, in which those who have ancestors on land have a right to said land.

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16
Q

explain the impact of the speech at james cook uni

A

The speech at James Cook university, whilst it didn’t have a large impact on the broader movement, it drew attention to an issue that required more recognition. Despite this, it still wasn’t to a wider audience, but said speech ultimately did connect Mabo with allies who would later become detrimental in his successful acquisition of ATSI rights. Whilst the initial impact wasn’t large, it still had an impact more personally to Mabo because it was the beginning of significant change he pioneered.

17
Q

explain the impact of mabo. vs queensland no. 1

A

The decision for Mabo vs. Queensland No. 1 which ruled in Mabo’s favor was consequential for the case to continue, and if the case hadn’t continued, the legal landscape of Australia wouldn’t have been permanently altered. This makes the result of the first part of the case a key contribution, but proper impact still hadn’t been made until Mabo vs. Queensland No. 2.
It however was also still a show of an aboriginal person challenging high court which was consequential.

18
Q

explain the five points of impact for mabo vs. queensland 2

A
  • Firstly, it had the impact of winning back the land of Murray Island to its ancestors. This was a massive success for the Meriam people who gained rights in the eyes of Australian law
  • deemed the doctrine of terra nullius to be legal fiction, overturning centuries of legal precedent that had been harming Aboriginal people. This was a massive contribution because it proved nationally and even internationally that rights could be won back by First Nations people and the oppressed
  • introduced the principle of native title. Native title recognised ATSI people’s right to the land they had lived on for thousands of years, and a year after Mabo vs. Queensland No. 2, the Native Title Act was passed into Australian law
  • since the Mabo decision, there have been thousands of native title claims. Examples include
    Noongar people of WA
    Ngarrindjeri people of SA
    Aboriginal people of the Wirrama region in Victoria
  • There is even a day dedicated to him, Mabo Day on the 3rd of June, which seals his long standing, significant impact indefinitely, even if he wasn’t alive to witness such sheer contribution.