ED Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
How to tx BP too high/low?
A
high: hydralazine
low: norepinephrine
2
Q
How to tx HR too high/low?
A
high: cardizem
low: dopamine
3
Q
How to tx BG too high/low?
A
high: reg insulin IV
low: D50 or D5 1/2 NS IV
4
Q
How to tx agitated pt?
A
B52: benadryl 25mg, haldol 5mg, ativan 2mg
5
Q
How to tx somnolent pt?
A
naloxone
Romazicon
6
Q
How to tx tylenol OD?
A
mucomyst (acetylcysteine)
7
Q
How to tx inflammation?
A
decadron
solu-medrol
8
Q
How to tx baby w/fever?
A
tylenol PR
9
Q
How to tx adult w/fever?
A
toradol
10
Q
How to tx baby vomiting?
A
zofran
11
Q
How to tx adult vomiting?
A
zofarn ODT phenergan PR (promethazine)
12
Q
How to sedate baby?
A
versed nasally
13
Q
How to sedate adult?
A
propofol IV
14
Q
How to tx baby croup w/ stridor?
A
racemic EPI SVN
15
Q
How to tx adult w/ difficulty breathing?
A
duoneb
16
Q
How to tx common kid infxn?
A
bactroban top
amox PO
omnicef PO
17
Q
How to tx common adult infxn?
A
kelflex PO Z pack PO levaquin PO Rocephin IM vancomycin IV
18
Q
Abx ears?
A
amox
19
Q
Abx sinuses?
A
augmentin
20
Q
Abx throat?
A
pen VK
21
Q
Abx lungs - go to and big gun?
A
go to: azithromycin
big gun: levaquin
22
Q
Abx GI?
A
cipro and flagyl (metronidazole)
23
Q
Abx urinary?
A
mild: bacrobid
mod: bactrim
severe: cipro
24
Q
Abx skin?
A
keflex
+bactrim for MRSA
25
IF YOU DON'T KNOW THE BUG?
doxycycline
26
How to prevent yeast infxn?
diflucan
27
Pt has inc HR and BP, temp, pupils; low bowel sounds and diaphoresis? Other sx? Tx?
anticholinergic: oxybutyn -tx overactive bladder
other: AMS, dry skin, seizures
tx: benzo, physostigmine
28
Pt has dec pupils; incr bowel sounds and diaphoresis? Other sx? Tx?
cholinergic: donepezil -tx alzheimers
N/V, defecation
tx: atropine
29
Pt has dec HR, BP, RR, temp, pupils, bowel sounds, diaphoresis? Other sx? Tx?
opoids: morphine, heroin
other sx: CNS depression
tx: narcan/naloxone
30
Pt has incr HR, BP, PP, RR, temp, pupils, bowel sounds, diaphoresis? Other sx? Tx?
sympathomimetic: cocaine
other: psychomotor agitation
tx: cooling, sedation
31
Pt has ams, hyperreflexia, and increased temp? Tx?
```
seratonin sx (SSRI OD)/sympathomimetic
tx: benzo + cooling
```
32
How to reverse anticholinerase?
antropine
33
How to reverse benzo?
flumazenil
34
How to reverse B blockers/CCB?
glucagon
| ca
35
How to reverse carbon monoxide?
O2
36
How to reverse cyanide?
Na nitrite
37
How to reverse digoxin?
digoixn specific AB
38
How to reverse isoniazid?
pridoxine (B6)
39
How to reverse methanol?
ethanol, folate
40
How to reverse narcotics?
naloxone
41
How to reverse tricylcic antidepressants?
Na bicarb
42
What is metronidazole?
abx (flagyl)
| GI abx
43
ADR and DI of metronidazole?
ADR: carcinogen
DI: ETOH, wafarin
44
What is TMP-SMX? Indications?
abx - folate antagonist
used for UTI
DNA synthesis
45
DI for TMP SMX?
DI: displacement of drugs from protein binding
46
What is ciprofloxacin?
abx - fluoroquinolone
| GI abx, UTI
47
DI for cipro?
DI: cation containing foods/drugs, OCP
48
What is 3rd gen cephalosporin? Forms?
ceftriaxone
broader spectrum
IV/IM
49
DI for ceftriaxone?
ETOH, anticoag, OCP
50
What is lidocaine?
cardiac depressant-Na blocker
| IB antiarrythmic
51
What are the opioid receptor agonist?
```
oxycodone w/ APAP
hydrocodone
tramadol
morphine
fentanyl
hydromorphone
nalbuphine
```
52
What to keep in mind about oxycodone?
metabolizes to oxymorphine - drug test
53
Naloxene/naltrexone reverses?
oxycodone
| hydrocodone
54
What is used for pallative care?
oxycodone
| hydrocodone
55
What causes respiratory depression?
```
oxycodone
hydrocodone
tramadol
hydromorphone
morphine
```
56
What's good about morphine?
well known
cheap
lots of forms
57
Which analgesic can be used in pts w/kidney probs?
fentanyl
| hydromorphone
58
What is good about hydromorphone compared to morphine?
use w/ renal probs
less pruritus
less constipation
59
What is bad about fentanyl?
100x more potent than morphine
60
When to use Nalbuphine?
when pt is crashing hard
61
What is nalbuphine?
opioid mixed + Mu opioid receptor antagonist
62
What is good about nalbuphine?
less respiratory depression than morphine
63
Which opioid has the quickest onset?
Fentanyl/hydromorphone (1-5min) --> nalbuphine (2-3min) --> Morphine (5-10min)
64
Which opioid lasts the longest?
Fentanyl ( morphine and hydromorphone (3-4hrs) --> nalbuphine (3-6hrs)
65
What is ketorolac?
NSAID and non selective COX inhibitor
66
How long can you use Ketorolac?
5days - MI, CVA, GI bleeding; BLEEDING
67
What drug to use if pt is agitated?
benzo but if hx of pyschosis add on antipyschotic med
68
What to add on to benzo if you want analgesia?
ketamine
69
What drug causes cdad/cdiff?
clindaymycin
70
What to use with dizziness and vomiting?
ondansetron: 5 HT3
71
How to control N/V in post op?
ketorolac
| scopolamine
72
When should PCA be used?
not used in all pts but in long term pain control resp derpession adn OD can occur
73
Why should B blockers be used?
to prevent MI
74
What if pt is on warfarin?
stop 5 days prior to surgery
| PT/INR should be checked 1 day before surgery
75
How to manage warfarin?
PT/INR
76
When should heparin be used?
for bridge therapy who are at high risk for clots
| also use warfarin together to bridge
77
What to monitor when taking clindamycin?
CBC
BUN/Cr
LFT
78
What are the antiemetics?
scopolamine
| promethazine
79
Which antiemtics should be used in pt vs out pt?
```
in pt (post op) - scopolamine
out pt - promethazine
```
80
What does scopolamine do?
anticholinergic and muscarinic antagonist
81
What is promethazine?
inhibits H1 muscarinic
