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OS 212 DERMATOLOGY > Eczema and Dermatitis > Flashcards

Eczema and Dermatitis Flashcards

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1
Q

Pruritic papulovesicular process associated with

Acute: Erythema, vesiculation, weeping, edema

Chronic: Thickening, lichenification, scaling

A

Eczema

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2
Q

Irregular epidermal thickening and/or widening of rete ridges

A

Acanthosis

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3
Q

Edema and serous exudate between epidermal cells; appear as increased intercellular space

A

Spongiosis

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4
Q

Lymphocytic/mononuclear infiltrate in superficial dermis and epidermis; your eczema is impetiginized (pustule; your biopsy has an infection)

A

Exocytosis

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5
Q

made up of neutrophils and bacteria _> secondary impetiginization; not always present

A

Subcorneal pustule

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6
Q

Chronic histologic feature of eczema

A

Hyperkeratosis
irregular acanthosis of the epidermis
thickening of the secondary layer of collagen bundles

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7
Q

Lichenification

A

NOT thickening but the accentuation of your skin lines brought about by scratching

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8
Q

Classifcation of Eczema

A

Exogenous
Endogenous
Unclassified

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9
Q

Examples of Exogenous Eczema

A

Irritant contact Dermatitis

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Photodermatitis

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10
Q

Examples of Endogenous Eczema

A

Atopic dermatitis
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Nummular Dermatitis
Vesicular Palmoplantar Eczema

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11
Q

Examples of Unclassified Eczema

A

Asteatotic Eczema
Neurodermatitis or LSC
Prurigo Nodularis
Disseminated Eczema

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12
Q

Irritant contact dermatitis results from exposure to substances that cause physical, mechanical, or chemical irritation of the skin

A

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

  • No allergic Mechanism involved
  • 80% of all contact dermatitis cases
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13
Q

Acute Lesions of ICD

A

Eythema, vesicles, eroisoons, crusts, and scaling

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14
Q

Chronic Lesions of ICD

A

papules, plaques, fissures, scaling and crusts

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15
Q

Occurs when a particular substance elicits a TYPE 4 hypersensitivity reaction;

Pt. have normal cell mediated immunity

A

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

-20% of all contact dermatitis

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16
Q

2 phases of ACD

A

Sensitization phase

Elicitation Phase

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17
Q

Sensitization Phase

A

1st contact with allergen (Occurs within a few weeks to months after but no visible skin changes yet)

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18
Q

Elicitation Phase

A

Subsequent contact. Presentation of dermatitis

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19
Q

Clinical Presentation of ACD

A

intensely pruritic rash particularly popular erythematous dermatitis with indistinct margins, distributed in areas of exposure.

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20
Q

ACD

A

may not be bilateral or nodular all the time but is often patchy

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21
Q

Considerations in diagnosis (ACD)

A

Not always bilateral
Very often patchy, eczematous manifestations
Can and does affect palms and soless
Some parts of the skin are more sensitive than other parts

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22
Q

Approach in Management for ACD

A

Frequency Approach

Topographical Approach

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23
Q

Plant dermatitis

A

Linear streaks

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24
Q

Metal dermatitis

A

gold jewelry less than 18k, usually because of NICKEL and cobalt

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25
Q

Clothing Dermatitis

A

ask about fabric conditioner, bleach, soap

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26
Q

Footwear dermatitis

A

rubber slippers

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27
Q

Cosmetic dermatitis

A

Preservatives in cosmetics

28
Q

Topical medication dermatitis

A

NEOMYCIN

29
Q

Occupational Medication dermatitis

A

Factory workers, chemical exposures

30
Q

Perfume or atomizer dermatitis

A

Berloque Dermatitis - diffuse pattern of lesion

31
Q

Non-Eczematous Variants

A

Purpuric ACD
Lichenoid ACD
Lymphomatoid ACD
Ectopic ACD/airborne ACD

32
Q

Ectopic ACD/airborne ACD

A

Autotransfer

heterotransfer

33
Q

Nipple Eczema

A

important to differentiate from Paget’s disease

34
Q

Eyelid dermatitis

A

most commonly caused not by make-up by ail lacquer and hand sanitizers -> when the patient scratches eyes

35
Q

Diaper dermatitis

A

differentiate from candidiasis; there is sparing of skin folds in dermatitis; candidiasis starts with interginous areas

36
Q

Eruption caused by sensitization due to sun-activated irritant/allergen

Must consist of the chemical and the sun; if one is lacking, it is not photodermatitis

A

Photocontact Dermatitis

37
Q

Photocontact

A

counterpart of irritant CD

38
Q

Photoallergic

A

counterpart of allergic CD

39
Q

Avoid exposure to the sun when using this antibiotics

A

tetracycline and clindamycin

40
Q

Main symptom of contact dermatitis

A

Pruritus

41
Q

Acute Ssx of CD

A

Erythema, edema, papules, vesicles, occasional bullae

42
Q

Subacute Ssx of CD

A

usually dry; dull erythema, minimal eduma, vesiculation, crusting

43
Q

Chronic (LSC) Ssx of CD

A

Dry, lichenified, scaly patches, occasionally fissures. May also be acneiform with hyperpigmentation and purpura

44
Q

The application of specific allergens directly to the skin under controlled conditions, causing a local allergic reaction in a susceptible person

A

Patch test (Type 4 delayed hypersensitivity reaction)

45
Q

Also know as Besnier’s prurigo or neurodermatitis disseminata

A

Atopic dermatitis

46
Q

Gene encoding for filament aggregating protein involved in establishing epidermal baerrier. Atopic skin becomes like a sieve where allergens enter

A

Filaggrin

47
Q

Stages and Typical Morphology/distribution

A

Infantile: Extensor areas

Childhood: Flexural areas

Adolescent/adult: Flexural

Senile>60 (senile atopic dermatitis)

48
Q

AD Diagnostic Features

A

Major (3 out of 4 present)

Pruritus
Chronicity
Personal or family history of atopy
Typical Morphology and distribution of skin lesions

49
Q

Closely associated with skin asthma but not skin asthma (chicken skin)

A

Keratosis Pilaris

50
Q

Irregularly shaped white patches. With higher sun exposure, it becomes lighter

A

Pityriasis alba

51
Q

Dry scaly, cracked, glazed/shiny and fissured tender, reddish plantar surface of the forefoot

A

Juvenile Plantar Dermatitis

52
Q

Yellowish or grayish, sharply emarginated macules covered with greasy scales (Scaly, oily plaques)

A

Seborrheic Dermatitis

-areas of greater sebaceous activity

53
Q

Also known as discoid eczema

A

Nummular dermatitis

54
Q

Conin-shaped, discrete, eythematous, edematous, papulovesicular plaques and patches. Most commonly found in the legs as wells as the back of the hands and fingers (extremities and extensors)

A

Nummular dermatitis

55
Q

Also known as dyshidrosis, cheiropompholyx, pompholyx

A

Vesicular Palmoplantar Eczema

56
Q

Refers to an intensely pruritic, chronic, and recurrent, vesicular dermatitis of unknown etiology that typically involves the palms and soles and lateral aspects of the fingers

A

Vesicular Palmoplantar Eczema

57
Q

Recalcitrant, deep seated vesicular eruptions, palms, and soles

A

Vesicular Palmoplantar Eczema

-acral areas: lateral sides of fingers, palms, and spares the webs (palms and soles)

58
Q

Common inflamatory dermatosis of the lower extremities occuring in patients with chronic venous insufficiency, often in association with varicose veins, dependent chronic edema, hyperpigmentation, lipdermatosclerosis, and ulcerations

A

Static Dermatitis

  • accompanied by hemosiderin deposition (dark spots) and lipodermatosclerosis
  • associated with chronic venous insufficiency
59
Q

Dry skin with redness, scaling, fine crackling or fine superficial fissures. Common among the elderly

A

Asteatotic Eczema

60
Q

Also known as Lichen simplex chronicus

A

neurodermatitis

61
Q

Chronic skin disorder affecting primarily older adults and is characterized by multiple, firm, pruritic nodules localized to the extensor surface of the extremities

A

Prurigo nodularis

-hard nodules on proximal limbs

62
Q

Autosensitization, generalized eczema, id reaction.

has secondary lesions Distant from the primary site (toxin travels systemically)

A

Disseminated eczema

  • Usually symmetric and associated with allergic contact dermatitis and static dermatitis
63
Q

acute infection of the upper dermis and superficial lymphatics which presents with a skin rash

A

Erusipelas

64
Q

A disorder of keratinization characterized by generalized scaling

A

Ichthyosis

65
Q

Niacin deficiency characterized by photosensitive pigmented dermatitis

A

Pellagra

66
Q

Management if Eczema

A

First: IDENTIFY THE CAUSE

Dressings

Topical steroids: (hydrocortisone) doctors must be know when to use ointment

Oral histamines
Immunomodulators
Ancillary

OS 212 DERMATOLOGY (9 decks)

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