Eczema

Question 1

Describe the typical appearance of the rash in atopic dermatitis

Answer 1

Dry pruritic skin.

Erythema, scaling, papules, vesicles.

Question 2

Describe the typical skin appearance in chronic atopic dermatitis

Answer 2

Skin is thickened and lichenified. There may be keratosis pillars (follicular hyperkeratotic papules).

Question 3

Describe the typical distribution of the rash in atopic dermatitis in infants.

Answer 3

Extensor surfaces
Cheeks
Forehead

Question 4

Describe the management of acute flares of atopic dermatitis.

Answer 4

Topical emollients
Topical / oral steroids
Topical / oral Abs (as required)

Question 5

Describe the management of chronic or relapsing atopic dermatitis

Answer 5

Topical emmolients
Continuous low potency topical corticosteroids
Consider topical calcineurin inhibitor and/or crisaborole

Question 6

What are the potential complications of atopic dermatitis?

Answer 6

Psychological stress
Bacterial ifnection
Eczema herpeticum

Question 7

Which age group are most likely to be affected by seborrhoeic dermatitis?

Answer 7

The disease is common in infancy, usually disappears in childhood and may re-emerge in puberty

Question 8

Seborrhoeic Dermatitis most likely represents a pathological overgrowth of which fungus?

Answer 8

Malassezia

Question 9

Explosive generalised onset of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis should raise suspicion of which underlying condition?

Answer 9

HIV

Question 10

Describe the appearance of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis

Answer 10

Erythematous, circumscribed scaly patches

Greasy scales in the nasolabial folds, post-auricular area, forehead and anterior chest

Question 11

What conditions is Seborrhoeic Dermatitis associated with in older adults?

Answer 11

Parkinsons disease
Motor loss after stroke
Syringomyelia

Question 12

What is the treatment for cradle cap?

Answer 12

Topical emollients +/- topical corticosteroids

Question 13

What is the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis in adults?

Answer 13

Topical corticosteroids +/- topical anti fungal

Question 14

What is the treatment for widespread Seborrhoeic Dermatitis?

Answer 14

Oral anti fungal

Question 15

Give examples of common allergens which can cause contact dermatitis

Answer 15

Nickle sulfate
neomycin
Fragrance mix
Thimorosol
Sodium gold thiosulfate
Formaldehyde
Bacitracin
Cobalt chloride

Question 16

Explain the difference between irritant and allergic contact dermatitis

Answer 16

ACD - requires prior sensitisation as it is a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction
ICD - requires no prior sensitisation

Question 17

Describe the typical presentation of contact dermatitis

Answer 17

Acute onset of dermatitis usually in a patient with no prior history
History of exposure (immediate in ICD and 24-72 hrs in ACD)
Pruritus, erythema, burning, swelling, blistering
There may be hyperpigmentation, fissuring or scaling if there has been chronic exposure

Question 18

How is irritant contact dermatitis managed?

Answer 18

Moisturisers

Avoid irritant

Question 19

How is allergic contact dermatitis managed>

Answer 19

Topical corticosteroids
Topical calcineurin inhibitors
Phototherapy
Allergen avoidance
(Oral corticosteroids or immunosuppressants can be used in severe disease).

Question 20

How is venous stasis dermatitis treated?

Answer 20

Emollients
Topical corticosteroids
Compression bandaging
Early surgical intervention

Question 21

What is the cause of venous stasis dermatitis?

Answer 21

Chronic venous insufficiency
Chronic heart failure
Long periods of immobility