Eczema Flashcards
Describe the typical appearance of the rash in atopic dermatitis
Dry pruritic skin.
Erythema, scaling, papules, vesicles.
Describe the typical skin appearance in chronic atopic dermatitis
Skin is thickened and lichenified. There may be keratosis pillars (follicular hyperkeratotic papules).
Describe the typical distribution of the rash in atopic dermatitis in infants.
Extensor surfaces
Cheeks
Forehead
Describe the management of acute flares of atopic dermatitis.
Topical emollients
Topical / oral steroids
Topical / oral Abs (as required)
Describe the management of chronic or relapsing atopic dermatitis
Topical emmolients
Continuous low potency topical corticosteroids
Consider topical calcineurin inhibitor and/or crisaborole
What are the potential complications of atopic dermatitis?
Psychological stress
Bacterial ifnection
Eczema herpeticum
Which age group are most likely to be affected by seborrhoeic dermatitis?
The disease is common in infancy, usually disappears in childhood and may re-emerge in puberty
Seborrhoeic Dermatitis most likely represents a pathological overgrowth of which fungus?
Malassezia
Explosive generalised onset of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis should raise suspicion of which underlying condition?
HIV
Describe the appearance of Seborrhoeic Dermatitis
Erythematous, circumscribed scaly patches
Greasy scales in the nasolabial folds, post-auricular area, forehead and anterior chest
What conditions is Seborrhoeic Dermatitis associated with in older adults?
Parkinsons disease
Motor loss after stroke
Syringomyelia
What is the treatment for cradle cap?
Topical emollients +/- topical corticosteroids
What is the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis in adults?
Topical corticosteroids +/- topical anti fungal
What is the treatment for widespread Seborrhoeic Dermatitis?
Oral anti fungal
Give examples of common allergens which can cause contact dermatitis
Nickle sulfate neomycin Fragrance mix Thimorosol Sodium gold thiosulfate Formaldehyde Bacitracin Cobalt chloride
Explain the difference between irritant and allergic contact dermatitis
ACD - requires prior sensitisation as it is a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction
ICD - requires no prior sensitisation
Describe the typical presentation of contact dermatitis
Acute onset of dermatitis usually in a patient with no prior history
History of exposure (immediate in ICD and 24-72 hrs in ACD)
Pruritus, erythema, burning, swelling, blistering
There may be hyperpigmentation, fissuring or scaling if there has been chronic exposure
How is irritant contact dermatitis managed?
Moisturisers
Avoid irritant
How is allergic contact dermatitis managed>
Topical corticosteroids Topical calcineurin inhibitors Phototherapy Allergen avoidance (Oral corticosteroids or immunosuppressants can be used in severe disease).
How is venous stasis dermatitis treated?
Emollients
Topical corticosteroids
Compression bandaging
Early surgical intervention
What is the cause of venous stasis dermatitis?
Chronic venous insufficiency
Chronic heart failure
Long periods of immobility
