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SCIENCE EXAM REVISION > Ecosystems > Flashcards

Ecosystems Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a population

A

Groups of organisms from the same species in the same place

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2
Q

What is a community

A

A collection of species that are different from each other in the same place

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3
Q

What is an ecosystem

A

When communities of organisms live together and interact with each other and their environment

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4
Q

What is a producer

A

Can make it’s own food

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5
Q

What is another word for a producer ?

A

Auto trough

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6
Q

How does a producer obtain its energy

A

Through the sun which is photosynthesis

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7
Q

What’s an example of a producer ?

A

A plant

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8
Q

What is a consumer

A

They cannot make their own food

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9
Q

What’s another word for a consumer

A

Heterotroph
Carnivore
Herbivore
Omnivore

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10
Q

How does a consumer obtain its energy ?

A

By eating other organisms

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11
Q

What’s an example of a consumer

A

Humans, sharks and foxes

Hayley,Smells,Feet

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12
Q

What is a carnivore

A

Eats other animals

Eg) Cheetah

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13
Q

What is a herbivore

A

Eats plants

Eg) elephants

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14
Q

What’s a omnivore

A

Eats animals and plants

Eg) birds

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15
Q

What is a decomposer

A

Also cannot make their own food

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16
Q

Another name for a decomposer

A

A heterotroph

17
Q

How does a decomposer obtain its energy

A

By break down organisms

18
Q

Example of a decomposer

A

Bacteria

19
Q

Describe a predator/ prey relationship

A

One organism hunts and eats another organism

Eg) lion hunts and eats a buffalo

20
Q

Describe a commensalism relationship

A

Where one organism benefits and the other is neither helped or harmed
Eg) barnacles attaching themselves to whales to travel

21
Q

Describe a mutualism relationship

A

Where both organisms are helped in some way

Eg) bees getting pollen from a plant

22
Q

Describe a parasitism relationship

A

Where one organism is harmed and the other benefits

Eg)tapeworms living in humans

23
Q

What is intraspecific

A

When an organism competes with a member of its own species

Eg) male peacocks compete for women

24
Q

What is interspecific

A

When an organism completes with members of a different species
Eg) lions and hyenas compete for food

25
Q

How can introduced species effect population sizes

A

Can be in competition with other species
Can disrupt the food chain
Cause problems

26
Q

How does the QUADRAT method work ?

A

By throwing a frame into a chosen area and then organisms inside the frame are then counted

27
Q

How does the TRANSECT method work ?

A

By measuring changes along a reference line and then only species touching the line are counted

28
Q

how does the MARK-RELEASE-RECAPTURE method work

A

A sample of animals are trapped then released into the wild

More are captured later

29
Q

What is the role of photosynthesis in energy transfers in an ecosystem ?

A

Sun provides energy for the plants

Creates glucose, oxygen and carbon dioxide

30
Q

What is the role of respiration in energy transfer in an ecosystem

A

Creates energy for the animals to store away

Glucose, oxygen, carbon dioxide

31
Q

What does adaptation mean

A

Traits of a Species which help them to survive in their environments

32
Q

Describe a behavioural adaptation

A

Behaviours which assist survival

33
Q

Describe a structural adaptation

A

Physical traits related to the structure of the organism

34
Q

Describe a physiological adaptation

A

Biological process within an organism

35
Q

What are the effects of drought on an ecosystem

A

Plants and animals are dying due to the effects of lack of water And dying food sources

36
Q

What is the effect of fire on an ecosystem

A

Habitats are lost

Animals can die from the smoke

37
Q

Adaptations that help animals survive in the fires

A

Structural (shell around a seed)

SCIENCE EXAM REVISION (3 decks)

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