Economy Under Communists Flashcards

1
Q

What were the aims of the Communists in regard to industrialisation?

A
  • Catch up with the rest of the world.
  • Improve industrialisation to create a strong military.
  • Improve heavy industry.
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2
Q

What was State Capitalism?

A
  • Lenin and bolshevicks Taking complete control of the economy until it could be safely handed over to the prolateriate.
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3
Q

How was State Capitalism achieved?

A
  • Formation of the Supreme Economic Council in December 1917 to nationalise key industries.
  • November 1917 Decree on Land, giving private landholdings to the peasants.
  • December 1917 Decree on Workers Control.
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4
Q

How successful was State Capitalism?

A
  • Supreme Economic Council could not keep up with the management of its industries.
  • Civil war nullified any positive impact that State Capitalism had.
  • Coal production fell from 29million tons in 1913 to 8.9million tons in 1921.
  • Rouble was worth 1% of its value in 1917 in October 1920.
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5
Q

What is War communism?

A
  • State Capitalism mixed with grain requisitioning.
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6
Q

What were the key features of War Communism?

A
  • Nationalisation of larger enterprises.
  • State monopoly of markets for goods and services.
  • Partial militarisation of labour.
  • Forced grain requisitioning.
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7
Q

What were the key features of NEP?

A
  • Denationalisation, return to private ownership for small enterprises.
  • State control of heavy industry.
  • Rejuvenation of trade through removal of restrictions on the private sales of goods and services.
  • Encouragement of foreign trade.
  • End to grain requisitioning.
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8
Q

What are Nepmen?

A
  • Businessmen that emerged as a result of the NEP.
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9
Q

Was NEP successful?

A
  • Short term success.
  • Nepmen were responsible for 60% of retail trade.
  • Scissor Crisis
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10
Q

What was the Scissor Crisis of 1923?

A
  • A widening gap between industrial and agricultural prices.
  • The supply of food increases at a rate that far exceeded domestic domand.
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11
Q

How was NEP viewed by the politburo?

A
  • Betrayal of the October revolution and communist ideas.
  • Resulted in widening of divisions in the party after Lenins death.
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12
Q

What was the ideology behind Stalins Economic Policy?

A
  • Believed that the failures of the Tsars led to Russia being behind the rest of the west.
  • Launch a war against the Tsarist regime.
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13
Q

What was economic autarky?

A

When a country can provide all of the resources it needs without having to trade.

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14
Q

What was Gosplan

A

A group originally set up in 1921 to plan for industrialisation and economic growth

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