Economy and shopping Flashcards
cash
إسْپَاسْ
coin, change
بْيَاسَة
to go to the cashier, counter (past singular masculine)
تْعَدَّى لِلْكَاسَة
price, charge, fee
تَعْرِيفَة
to cover, pay for (past singular masculine)
تْغَطَّي
to be very stingy, tight with money (past singular masculine)
تْقَرْنِطْ بَرْشَا
installment, payment
تَقْسِيطْ
to cost (past singular masculine)
تْكَلِّفْ
price, cost
تَكْلْفَة
financing, finance
تَمْوِيلْ
development, growth, investment
تَنْمِيَة
prosperity, wealth
ثَرَاءْ
wealth
ثَرْوَة
to value, calculate, recognize worth (past singular masculine)
ثَمِّنْ
Géant (supermarket in Tunis)
جَايَانْ
allowance
جِرَايَة
someone who keeps himself from spending much money
حَازَقْ رُوحُو فِي المَصْرُوفْ
a small shop
حَانُوتْ
customer
حَرِيفْ
he took account of his cash / papers
حْسِبْ أَوْراقُو
to set a price for services (past singular masculine)
حْسِبْ هْبُوطُو
he figured out what he would lay down (rummy)
حْسِبْ هْبُوطُو
to collect, gather, earn (past singular masculine)
حَصِّلْ
to put on sale (past singular masculine)
حَطْ لِلْبِيعْ
a shopkeeper who sells nuts and other things
حَمَّاصْ
money (informal)
حْنَيْنَاتْ
a shopkeeper who sells fish, fishmonger
حَوَّاتْ
paid
خالص
pure
خالص
he hid the money
خَبَّى الفْلُوسْ
he got a loan
خْذا قَرْضْ
he received a money order
خْذَا مَانْدَا
he lost his possessions
خْسِرْ أمْلَاكُو
he lost a lot of money
خْسِرْ بَرْشَا فْلُوسْ
destitution, poverty
خَصَاصَة
poor, doesn’t have much
خْصِيصْ
he does not have any self esteem
خْصِيصْ
charge, fee, fine
خْطِيَّة
he payed
خلِّصْ
the businesses and institutions of the private sectors
خواص
he became someone who has money
دَارِتْ فِي يِدُّو الفْلُوسْ
accounting department
دَائِرَةْ المُحَاسَبَاتْ
he entered the bakery
دَخِّل لِلْكُوشَة
oven
دَخِّل لِلْكُوشَة
a currency (Morocco, etc.), dirham
دِرْهَمْ
to become very rich (past singular masculine)
دَزْ الفْلُوسْ بِالرُّكْبَة
distributor
دِسْتْرِيِبيتُورْ
Foreign money (dollars, Euro, …)
دُفِيزْ
one dinar
دَنُّوسْ
five millime coin
دُورُو
Dollar
دُولَارْ
brand name, good brand
دُومَارِكْ
cash dispenser, ATM
ديستريبتور
one dinar
دِينَارْ
he’s poor, lost everything
رَاسُو عِرْيَانْ
remuneration
رَامُونَارَاسْيُونْ
to become healthier, gain weight (past singular masculine)
رَبَّا صَحْتُو
to win/earn lots of money (past singular masculine)
رْبَحْ بَرْشَا فْلُوسْ
to reduce the price (past singular masculine)
رَخِّصْ
cheap
رْخِيصْ
person who doesn’t live by principles, embarasses himself by his actions, no dignity
رْخِيصْ
to cause a loss, cost you something (past singular masculine)
رْزَى
to mortgage, put up collateral (past singular masculine)
رْهَنْ
poor, humble, simple
زَوَّالِي
humble, poor, simple
زَوَّالِي عَلَى رُوحُو
two small coins (next to nothing)
زُوزْ صُورْدِي
price
سِعْرْ
the worst goods in the market
سْقَاطَة
to be low, worthless, terrible person (past singular masculine)
سْقَاطَة
commodity, goods. Merchandise
سِلْعَةْ
New Items, goods
سِلْعَةْ جْدِيدَةْ
bad goods, merchandise
سِلْعَةْ خَايْبَةْ
very bad goods, worthless merchandise
سِلْعَةْ زْبَالَةْ
the best goods, top notch
سِلْعَةْ مَمُّو
contraband, smuggled goods
سِلْعَةْ مُهَرْبَةْ
to loan, lend (past singular masculine)
سَلَفْ
borrowing or loaning
سْلَفْ
loan, small amount of money to be lent
سُلْفَةْ
broker, real estate agent
سَمْسَارْ
to take commission for being a middle man (past singular masculine)
سَمْسِرْ
minimarket
سوبرات
supermarket
سُوپَارْ مَرْشَا
to market, sell (past singular masculine)
سوّق
market
سُوقْ
Weekly market
سُوقْ أسْبُوعِيَّة
price
سُومْ
the price is very high
سُومْ طَالَعْ بَرْشَا
the price is reasonable
سُومْ مُسْتْحَبْ
mall
سونتر كومرصيال
to take care of the bill (past singular masculine)
سَوَّى وَضْعِيَّةْ الفَاتُورَةْ
brand name
سِينْيَا
to sign, signal (past singular masculine)
سِينْيَا
grocery cart, pull cart
شاريو
to buy, purchase (past singular masculine)
شْرَى
to buy from someone (past singular masculine)
شْرَى مِنْ عَنْدُو
to pay for someone else (past singular masculine)
شْرَى مِنْ عَنْدُو
act of purchasing something, purchase
شَرْيَةْ
misery, poverty
شقاء
piggy bank
شقّاقة
how much does it cost?
شنوا سومها
the chief of merchants (very old fashioned word)
شَهْبَنْدِرْ التُّجَارْ
shop
شوب
shopping
شوبينڨ
five, five dinar coin
شِينْكُو
bag, purse
صَاكْ
product sold in bulk (not packaged)
صَبَّةْ
to sign (past singular masculine)
صَحِّحْ
to rectify, fix, correct (past singular masculine)
صَحِّحْ
he signed a contract
صَحَّحْ كُونْتْرَا
to export (past singular masculine)
صَدِّرْ
to get change (money) (past singular masculine)
صَرِّفْ
to conjugate a verb (past singular masculine)
صَرِّفْ
to spend money (past singular masculine)
صْرَفْ
to spend without thinking (past singular masculine)
صْرَفْ مِنْ غِيرْ مُخّْ
to print currency (past singular masculine)
صَكّْ عُمْلَةْ
traditional handicrafts
صِنَاعَاتْ تَقْلِيدِيَّة
industry
صِنَاعَةْ
to tighten the belt, spend less, get serious (past singular masculine)
صَنْتِرْ
money (older word)
صْوَارِدْ
to earn a lot of money (past singular masculine)
صَوِّرْ بَرْشَا فْلُوسْ
old currency (millime), money, small amount of money
صُورْدِي
sale
صُولْدْ
to get lots of money (past singular masculine)
ضْرَبْ الدَزَّةْ
deposit, downpayment
ضْمَدْ
to dress a wound (past singular masculine)
ضْمَدْ
to lose your fortune, wealth, money (past singular masculine)
ضَيَّعْ ثَرْوْتُو
a small amount of money
طَرْفْ فْلُوسْ
rich man
طَنْطْخَةْ
to win a lot of money, earn a lot (past singular masculine)
طَيَّحْ بَرْشَا فْلُوسْ
to lower the price a little (past singular masculine)
طَيَّحْ شْوَيَّا فِي السُّومْ
to spend way too much (past singular masculine)
طَيِّشْ فْلُوسُو
year without sales
عَامْ سُونْ صُولْدْ
has a savings account
عَامِلْ دَفْتِرْ إِدِّخَارْ
to become rich (past singular masculine)
عَبّى مْكْتوبُو بالفْلُوسْ
deposit, downpayment
عَرْبُونْ
10 dinars
عَشْرَلَافْ
money (slang)
عَطّْ
corner grocer, larger corner store
عُطْرِيَّةْ
freezing of assets
عُقْلَهْ
to make contact (past singular masculine)
عْمَلْ كُونْتَاكْتْ
currency
عُمْلَة
to give someone a good price (past singular masculine)
عَمْلُو سُومْ
he’s really wealthy, there’s a lot of food to eat
عَنْدُو الخِيرْ بْزَايِدْ
he has a lot of money
عَنْدُو بَرْشَا فْلُوسْ
to replace, substitute, repay (past singular masculine)
عَوِّضْ
to pay indemnity, repay, pay damages (past singular masculine)
عَوَضْلُو الضَرَرْ
expensive
غَالِي
valuable, significant
غَالِي
chamber of commerce
غُرْفةْ تِجَارِيَّةْ
to go up in price (past singular masculine)
غَلَّا
rich, well-off
غْنِيْ
to become richer, stronger, tougher (past singular masculine)
غَوِّلْ
bill, charge
فَاتُورَةْ
has no money, bankrupt
فَالِسْ
to deliver, distribute goods (past singular masculine)
فَرَّقْ سِلْعَةْ
(old French) franc, millime
فْرَنْكْ
duty free shop
فْرِيشُوپْ
to cancel, tear up a contract (past singular masculine)
فَسِّخْ الكُونْتْرَا
to empty a shop, leave a shop (past singular masculine)
فضَّى لِمْحَلْ
extreme poverty
فَقْرْ مُدْقَعْ
to go bankrupt (past singular masculine)
فْلِسْ
he’s rich
فْلُوسُو بَرْشَا
money, diminuitive form
فَلَيْسَاتْ
to spend money wildly, splurge (past singular masculine)
فَنْدَقْ
rich, well-off
فِي سْرَاهْ
display case, shop window
فِيتْرِينَةْ
fiscal
فِيسْكَالْ
to set the price (past singular masculine)
فِيكْسَى السُّومْ
finance
فِينُونْسْ
it has value, is beneficial
فِيهْ مَنْفْعَةْ
statutes, articles of association/incorporation
قَانُونْ أَسَاسِي
Tax office
قْبَاضَةْ
to loan (past singular masculine)
قَرِّضْ
loan
قَرْضْ
wholesaler
ڨْرُوسِيسْتْ
something to do, stuff to buy, shopping
قضْيَة
an economic leap forward, development
قَفْزَةْ إِقْتِصَادِيَّةْ
small shop that only sells cigarettes
ڨُمْرِڨْ
to file for bankrupcy (past singular masculine)
قَيِّدْ فَلْسَةْ
profit value, amount
قِيمَةْ الأَرْبَاحْ
cashier, cash register
كَاسَةْ
loofa
كَاسَةْ
To buy on credit
كَرْدَى
rich people of the country (crass)
كْرُزْ لِبْلَادْ
Subleasing
كَرْيَةْ مِنْ تَحْتْ كَرْيَةْ
Credit
كْرِيدِي
Purchase order
كْمَانْدَا
commander
كْمَانْدَا
to order (past singular masculine)
كْمَنْدَى
extremely tight with money, stingy, Scrooge
كَمُّوشَةْ عَلْ لِفْلُوسْ
National health insurance of Tunisia, CNAM
كْنَامْ
Smuggling
كُنْتْرَا
price
كُومِيسْيُونْ
to make a fortune (past singular masculine)
كَوِّنْ ثَرْوَةْ
account
كُونْتْ
he’s very rich, healthy
لَابَاسْ عْلِيهْ بَرْشَا
to waste money, spend a lot of money (past singular masculine)
لَوَّحْ فْلُوسْ
he’s poor
مَا فِي حَالُوشْ
he has tons of money and property, such that he doesn’t know where some of it is
مَا يَعْرِشْ عَلَى طَرْفْ خْلَاهَا وِينْ
he has nothing but the clothes on his back
مَا يَكْسَابْ فِي الدِّنْيَا كَانْ حَوَايْجُو
all he has is God, he’s very poor
مَا يَكْسَابْ كَانْ وِجْهْ رَبِّي
market
مَارْشِي
central market
مَارْشيِ سُونْتْرَالْ
rich, well-off, has lots of properties
مَارْكَانْتِي
state of being rich, well-off
مَارْكَنْتِيَّةْ
financial
مَالِيَّة
treasure chest
مَالِيَّة
cursed by poverty, he’ll always be poor
مِبْلِي بِالفَقْرْ
in debt, having borrowed something
مِتْسَلِّفْ
accounting
مُحَاسْبَة
economic oversight
مُرَاقْبة إقْتِصَادِيَّة
income, prize
مَرْبُوحْ
bribed, paid off
مُرْتَشِي
large amount of money
مُرْشَانَةْ
old personality, mentioned in popular folk songs
مُرْشَانَةْ
the market is getting better
مَرْشِي طَالَعْ
distribution center
مَرْكِزْالتَّوْزِيعْ
someone owes him money
مَرْهُونْ
counterfeit, falsified
مُزَوِّرْ
in debt, owing someone something
مُسَالْ
supporter, sponsor
مُسَانِدْ
beneficiary, someone who gets something out of a matter
مِسْتَنْفَعْ
buyer
مُشْتَرِي
Scrooge, cheap
مِشْحَاحْ
project, business venture
مَشْرُوعْ
exporter
مُصَدِّرْ
spending money
مَصْرُوفْ
factories
مْعَامِلْ
transactions, interactions, relations
مُعَامَلَاتْ
financial transaction
مُعَامْلَةْ مَالِيَّةْ
having good luck, swimming in money
مَعَوّْمَةْ
store, supermarket, department store
مَڨَازَانْ
headquarters
مقَرْ
achievements, acquisitions
مُكْتَسَبَاتْ
rich, well-to-do, has earned a lot
مْكَوِّنْ
to own (past singular masculine)
مْلِكْ
millime, one thousandth of a dinar
مِلِّيمْ
millionaire
مِلْيُنَارْ
poor, having nothing
مْنَتِّفْ
free zone
مِنْطْقَةْ حُرَّةْ
whatever the price
مَهْمَا كَانَ الثَمَنْ
to finance, fund (past singular masculine)
مَوِّلْ
owner
مُولَى
landowner
مُولَى لَرْضْ
he always helps the poor, generous
مَيْخَلِهَاشْ بِالزَوَّالِي
living in misery, poverty
مِيزْرَا
absolute misery, poverty
مِيزِيرْيَا زَرْقَةْ
he isn’t stingy, generous
مَيْشِدِّشْ الفْلُوسْ
he knows nothing but money, cares only about it
مَيَعْرِفْ شَيْ مَعَ لِفْلُوسْ
output, production
نَاتِجْ
gross domestic product (GDP)
نَّاتِجْ القَوْمِي الخَامْ
rich people
نَّاسْ إِلِي لَابَاسْ عْلِيهِمْ
wealthy people, people living easy life
نَاسْ عَايْشَةْ
people of high class
نَاسْ هَايْ
the same social class
نَفْسْ الطَّبَقَةْ الإِجْتِمَاعِيَّةْ
to decrease spending, expenses (past singular masculine)
نَقِّصْ فِي المَصْرُوفْ
growth, development
نُمُو
economic growth/development
نُمُو إقْتِصَادِي
to post something on line to sell it (past singular masculine)
هَبِّطْهَا عَلْ الأَنْتِرْنَاتْ بِشْ إِبِيعْهَا
he is out of money
وْفَاتْ فْلُوسُو
to stop the meter (past singular masculine)
وَقِّفْ كُونْتَارْ
rich people, high class people
وْلَادْ بُمْ بُمْ
he went bankrupt
وَلَّى فَالِسْ
wholesaler
يْبِيعْ بالجُمْلَة
interest (at a bank)
أنتاريس
to invest (past singular masculine)
أنفستى
to spend a lot without thinking (past singular masculine)
فَنْدق
to swell, get higher through inflation (past singular masculine)
تْضَخِّمْ
they’re sold really cheaply
بَاعُو بْزُوزْ صُورْدِي
wallet
پُورْتْ فُويْ
binder
پُورْتْ فُويْ
under the table, by bribe, without taxes
تَحْتْ الطَّاوْلَة
2 thousand, two dinars
ألْفينْ
to spend wildly, to waste money without thinking (past singular masculine)
بَعْزَقْ
to save up, collect (past singular masculine)
إدّخر
to borrow (past singular masculine)
تْسَلِّفْ
annual income statement
تَصْرِيحْ عَلَى الدَّخْلْ السَّنَوِي
to be bought, purchased (past singular masculine)
تِشْرَى
to invest (past singular masculine)
إستثمر
to be sold in bulk (past singular masculine)
بَاعْ بالجُمْلَةْ
to exchange, trade (past singular masculine)
بَادِلْ
to beg, ask for money (past singular masculine)
إمِدْ يِدُّو
cheap, just a dinar
بُودِينَارْ
project, business venture
پْرُوجِي
inflation
تَضَخُّمْ مَالِي
euro (currency)
أُورُو
economic downturn
إنْكِمَاشْ إقْتِصَادِي
showcase, store window
فِيتْرِينَا
to beg, ask for money (past singular masculine)
تْسَوِّلْ
signing, conclusion of a contract
إبْرَامْ
tax (outdated)
إتَاوَة
certificate of payment, of clearance
أتَسْتَاسْيُونْ دُو بَايْمُونْ
to set the price (past singular masculine)
حَدِّدْ الثَّمَنْ
he spent a lot of money: credit card upon credit card
حُطْ كَارْطَا تْحُكْ فِي كَارْطَة
to reduce its value (past singular masculine)
حِطِ مِلْ القِيمَة مْتَاعْهَا
to make a profit (past singular masculine)
حَقَّقْ أَرْبَاحْ
to open a bank account (past singular masculine)
حِلْ كُونْتْ
to save money, hide it under the mattress (past singular masculine)
إخَبِّي تَحْتْ رَاسُو
to use, invest one’s money (past singular masculine)
خدّمْ فْلُوسُو
savings (account)
إدِّخَارْ
bill (at a restaurant)
أَدِسْيُونْ
to make extra money, invest one’s money (past singular masculine)
دَوِّرْ الزِّيرُو
to pay the electricity bill so the power comes back on (past singular masculine)
رَجَّعْ الضَّوْ
to pay the water bill so the water comes back on (past singular masculine)
رَجَّعْ المَاءْ
cheaper
أرْخِصْ
multi-billionaire
أرْشِي مِلْيَارْدَارْ
he has a ton of money, he stuffs it in containers
رُصْ فِي الفْلُوسْ رَصَّانْ
investment
إسْتِثْمَارْ
reimbursement for expenses
إسْتِرْجَاعْ المَصَارِيفْ
to become rich (past singular masculine)
إسْتَغْنَى
to no longer need, to consider unnecessary or below you (past singular masculine)
إسْتَغْنَى
importation
إسْتِيرَادْ
traditional markets
أسْوَاقْ العَرْبِي
reasonable prices, good prices
أسْوَامْ مَعْقُولَة
expensive prices, really high prices
أَسْوَامْ نَارْ
insurance
أسُورُونْسْ
to boast of one’s wealth, be proud of it (past singular masculine)
شَبْرِشْ بِفْلُوسُو
to spend a lot of money, spend wildly (past singular masculine)
إشَنْدَقْ
publicity, advertisement
إشْهَارْ
tangible and intangible value of a commercial property
أصْلْ تِجَارِي
advertisements, commercials
إعْلَانَاتْ
to lower the price, make a discount (past singular masculine)
أعْمْلِلنَّا رُومِيزْ
to offer a sale, propose a sale (past singular masculine)
إقترح البيوع
economy
إقْتِصَادْ
market economy
إقْتِصَادْ السُّوقْ
economy and management (course in school)
إقْتِصَادْ وْ تَصَرُّفْ
the food industry
أڨْرُو آلِيمُونْتَارْ
export
آكْسْبُورْ
economy
إكُونُومِي
economist
آكُونُومِيسْتْ
thousand
ألْفْ
one dinar
ألْفْ
two thousand
أَلْفِينْ
two dinars
أَلْفِينْ
owners
إمَّالِي
import
أمْپُورْ
to give alms, give to a beggar (past singular masculine)
مِدْ حْوِيجَة لْرَبِّي
supplies
إمْدَادَاتْ
to amend a contract (past singular masculine)
نَقَّحْ عَقْدْ
statutes of a company
بَاتيندَة
bazaar, market
بَازَارْ
negotiating, haggling over price
بَاعْ و شْرَى
wholesale, in bulk
بالجُمْلَة
profit, earnings
بَانَافِيسْ
bank
بَانْكَا
rich, well-to-do
بُرْجْوَازِيَّة
to offer someone money (past singular masculine)
بروبوزى عليه فلوس
market, bazaar
بَزَارْ
can you lower the price for us?
بِشْ تْنَقْصِلْنَا فِي السُّومْ
tip (e.g. at restaurant)
بَقْشِيشْ
bank
بَنْكْ
shop, boutique
بُوتِيكْ
wallet
بُورْتْ مُونَا
well-to-do, rich
بُورْجْوَازِي
stock market
بُورْصَة
a sale
بِيعَة
bad deal, bad sale
بِيعَة مْقَطْعَة
balance sheet
بِيلُونْ
check up, review
بِيلُونْ
commercial, advertisement
پِيبْلِيسِيتَا
trader, business person
تَاجِرْ
insurance
تَأْمِينْ
health insurance
تَأمِينْ عَلَى المَرَضْ
commercial exchange
تَبَادُلْ تِجَارِي
to donate one’s money (past singular masculine)
تبرع بفلوسو
trade, commerce
تِجَارَة
bank transfer
تَحْوِيلْ بَنْكِي
to pay (past singular masculine)
خَلِّصْ
to save, rescue out of a problem (past singular masculine)
خَلِّصْ
illegal trafficking
تْرَافِيكْ
advance, deposit
تَسْبْقَة
he has a hole in his pocket, spends a lot, can’t hang on to money
جِيبُومَنْقُوبْ
to purchase, buy, go shopping (past singular masculine)
قْضَى
bankrupt, has no money
مْفَلِّسْ
benefactor, donor
مِتْبَرِّعْ
bill (to be paid)
فَاتُورَةْ الِإسْتِخْلَاصْ
billionaire
مِلْيَرْدَارْ
budget
مِيزَانِيَّةْ
cargo, goods
كَارْقِيزُونْ
cargo, goods
كَارْقُو
Carrefour (large French department store)
كَارْفُورْ
cash
كَاشْ
business competition
كُونْكِيرُونْسْ
consumer
كُونْسُمَاتُورْ
consumer
مُسْتَهْلِكْ
in contractual relationship
مِتْعَاقِدْ
to pay an advance, deposit for a hall (usually for wedding) (past singular masculine)
عَرْبِنْ عَ الصَّالَةْ
rights to a company and its location
فُونْ دْ كُومَارِسْ
free, at no cost
مَجَانِي
high class
طَبَقَةْ رَاقْيَةْ
high class
هَايْ كْلاَسْ
industrial
صِنَاعِيَّةْ
industrial complex
مُجَمَّعْ صِنَاعِي
insurance fund
صُنْدُوقْ تَأْمِينْ
gross domestic product
نَّاتِجْ الدَّاخِلِي الخَامْ
to have no money, be bankrupt (past singular masculine)
يِفْلِي
to be valuable (past singular masculine)
عَنْدُو قِيمَةْ
kiosk
كُشْكْ
landowner, landlord
مَلَّاكْ
to make an offer, make a bid (past singular masculine)
عْمَلْ آبَالْ دُوفِرْ
life, cost of living
مَعِيشَةْ
Lira (currency)
لِيرَةْ
living in poverty and difficulty
عَايِشْ فِي الهَمّْ
landlord
مُولاَتْ الدَّارْ
gold coins
لْوِيزْ
to make a profit, earn money (past singular masculine)
عْمَلْ بِنِفِيسْ
money transfer
مَانْدَا
money
فْلُوسْ
monopoly
مُونُوبُولِي
scrooge, careful with money, tightwad
يِدُّو مَيْدَخِّلْهَاشْ لْجِيبُو
poor
فْقِيرْ
poverty
فَقْرْ
price, cost
كُلْفَةْ
properties
مُمْتَلَكَاتْ
of or relating to real estate
عَقَّارِي
real estate
عَقَّارِيَّةْ
receipt
كِيتُونْسْ
rent
كْرَاءْ
revenues, income
مَدَاخِيلْ
rich, doing well, has an easy life
مَيْسُورْ
street vendor
نَصَّابْ
social class
كْلَاسْ سُوسْيَالْ
expenses
مَصَارِيفْ
store, place, area
مْحَلْ
larger store, department store
مَغَازَانْ
standard of living
مُسْتَوَى المَعِيشَةْ
tight-fisted, scrooge
يِدُّو دِيمَا مْسَكْرَةْ
trade, commerce
كُومَارْسْ
business person, dealer
كُومِرْسُونْ
to illegally import, to traffic in (past singular masculine)
هَرِّبْ
deposited money, saved money at the bank
وَدِيعَةْ
someone who wastes, spends a lot
مُبَذِّرْ
let’s agree on the price first
نِتْفَاهْمُو فِي السُّومْ السَّاعَةْ
monetary
نَقْدِي
