ECONOMY Flashcards
CATEGORIES OF NON FOOD CREDIT?
NON FOOD CREDIT IS GENERALLY USED AS A GAUGE OF BANK LENDING.
1. AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED ACTIVITIES
2. INDUSTRY
3. SERVICES
4. PERSONAL LOANS.
LOGISTICS EASE ACROSS DIFFERENT STATES (LEADS) REPORT IS RELEASED BY?
UNION MINISTRY OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY.
LOGISTICS PERFORMANCE INDEX IS RELEASED BY?
WORLD BANK.
WHAT IS PROJECT VISTAAR?
VIRTUALLY INTEGRATED SYSTEM TO ACCESS AGRICULTURAL SOURCES.
AIMS TO ENHANCE THE EFFICIENCY AND OUTREACH OF THE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SYSTEM THROUGH DIGITALISATION.
WHOLESALE PRICE INDEX IS RELEASED BY?
OFFICE OF ECONOMIC ADVISOR, DPIIT, IN THE MINISTRY OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY.
LOCATION OF NATIONAL TURMERIC BOARD?
NIZAMABAD, TELANGANA.
GLOBAL ECONOMICS PROSPECTS REPORT IS RELEASED BY?
WORLD BANK.
ADMINISTRATIVE BODY OF RUBBER BOARD?
MINISTRY OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY.
HEADQUARTERS OF RUBBER BOARD?
KOTTAYAM, KERALA.
CHARACTERISTICS OF TREASURY BILLS?
THEY ARE ZERO COUPON SECURITIES ISSUED AT A DISCOUNT AND REDEEMED AT FACE VALUE UPON MATURITY.
ISSUANCE OF TREASURY BILLS?
- THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT ISSUES BOTH T BILLS AND BONDS.
- STATE GOVERNMENTS ISSUE ONLY BONDS CALLED STATE DEVELOPMENT LOANS (SDLs).
PURPOSE AND USAGE OF TREASURY BILLS?
- USED TO RAISE SHORT TERM FUNDS BY THE GOVERNMENT.
- CAN BE USED BY BANKS TO MEET STATUTORY LIQUIDITY RATIO (SLR) REQUIREMENTS OR AS COLLATERAL FOR REPO TRANSACTIONS WITH THE RBI.
ELIGIBILITY FOR TREASURY BILLS?
INDIVIDUALS, TRUSTS, INSTITUTIONS, AND BANKS CAN INVEST IN T-BILLS.
WHAT ARE ELECTORAL TRUSTS?
- ELECTORAL TRUSTS ARE NON PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.
- THEY COLLECT DONATIONS FROM PEOPLE AND COMPANIES AND GIVE THE MONEY TO POLITICAL PARTIES.
- OBJECTIVE:– THE MAIN PURPOSE IS TO MAKE POLITICAL DONATIONS MORE TRANSPARENT AND FAIR.
RULES FOR ELECTORAL TRUSTS?
- GOVERNED BY LAW:– THEY FOLLOW THE RULES OF THE ELECTORAL TRUST SCHEME, 2013, MANAGED BY THE CENTRAL BOARD OF DIRECT TAXES (CBDT).
- TAX BENEFITS:– DONATIONS MADE THROUGH ELECTORAL TRUSTS GET TAX BENEFITS UNDER THE INCOME TAX ACT, 1961.
WHO CAN DONATE IN ELECTORAL TRUSTS?
- ONLY INDIANS CITIZENS AND COMPANIES WITHIN INDIA CAN DONATE.
- DONATIONS FROM FOREIGN INDIVIDUALS OR COMPANIES ARE NOT ALLOWED.
RESTRICTIONS ON CONTRIBUTIONS UNDER ELECTORAL TRUSTS?
- ELECTORAL TRUSTS CANNOT ACCEPT DONATIONS FROM:–
- FOREIGN INDIVIDUALS OR ENTITIES.
- GOVERNMENT COMPANIES UNDER THE COMPANIES ACT, 2013.
- OTHER ELECTORAL TRUSTS REGISTERED AS COMPANIES.
- FOREIGN SOURCES AS DEFINED UNDER THE FOREIGN CONTRIBUTION REGULATION ACT, 2010 (FCRA).
- CASH DONATIONS.
TRANSPARENCY IN ELECTORAL TRUST DONATIONS?
- ELECTORAL TRUSTS MUST REVEAL:-
- THE NAMES OF THE PEOPLE OR COMPANIES DONATING.
- THE AMOUNT OF MONEY DONATED.
FISCAL HEALTH INDEX MAJOR SUB INDICES?
- QUALITY OF EXPENDITURE.
- REVENUE MOBILIZATION.
- FISCAL PRUDENCE.
- DEBT INDEX.
- DEBT SUSTAINABILITY.
ELIGIBILITY UNDER BUILDING AND OTHER CONSTRUCTION WORKERS (REGULATION OF EMPLOYMENT AND CONDITIONS OF SERVICE) ACT, 1996 (BOCW ACT)?
ANY WORKER AGED 18 TO 60 YEARS, ENGAGED IN CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES FOR A MINIMUM OF 90 DAYS IN THE PRECEDING 12 MONTHS, IS ELIGIBLE FOR REGISTRATION WITH THE STATE WELFARE BOARDS.
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE RESTRICTS THE USE OF PARAQUAT IN WHICH CROPS?
WHEAT, RICE, TEA, COFFEE, POTATO, GRAPES, MAIZE, RUBBER AND APPLE.
POTENTIAL IMPACT OF DECREASING REPO RATE ON EXTERNAL BENCHMARK LENDING RATES (EBLR)?
IF RBI REDUCES THE REPO RATE, ALL EXTERNAL BENCHMARK LENDING RATES (EBLR) LINKED TO THE REPO RATE WILL COME DOWN, GIVING RELIEF TO BORROWERS AS THEIR EQUATED MONTHLY INSTALMENTS (EMIs) COME DOWN.
PARAMETERS OF RBI’S DIGITAL PAYMENTS INDEX?
- PAYMENT PERFORMANCE (45%)
- PAYMENT ENABLERS (25%)
- PAYMENT INFRASTRUCTURE [SUPPLY SIDE FACTORS (15%)]
- PAYMENT INFRASTRUCTURE [DEMAND SIDE FACTORS (10%)]
- CONSUMER CENTRICITY (5%).
REVISED CRITERIA FOR INVESTMENT AND TURNOVER OF MSME?
- MICRO ENTERPRISES
- INVESTMENT
CURRENT 1 CRORE, REVISED 2.5 CRORE.
- TURNOVER
CURRENT 5 CRORE, REVISED 10 CRORE. - SMALL ENTERPRISES
- INVESTMENT
CURRENT 10 CRORE, REVISED 25 CRORE.
- TURNOVER
CURRENT 50 CRORE, REVISED 100 CRORE. - MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
- INVESTMENT
CURRENT 50 CRORES, REVISED 125 CRORES.
- TURNOVER
CURRENT 250 CRORES, REVISED 500 CRORES.
SAMARTH UDYOG BHARAT 4.0 IS LAUNCHED BY?
MINISTRY OF HEAVY INDUSTRIES.
THE PUNJAB GOVERNMENT HAS ANNOUNCED PLANS TO EXPLORE POTASH MINING IN _________ & __________ DISTRICTS.
FAZILKA AND SRI MUKTSAR SAHIB DISTRICTS.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA (GSI) HAVE DETECTED LARGE POTASH RESERVES IN THREE MINING BLOCKS THAT ARE?
- KABARWALA (MUKTSAR SAHIB)
- SHEREWALA AND RAMSARA (FAZILKA)
- SHERGARH AND DALMIR KHERA (FAZILKA).
RAJASTHAN IS ANOTHER STATE WITH SIGNIFICANT POTASH RESERVES, MAINLY IN THE _________ BASIN.
NAGAUR GANGANAGAR BASIN.
APPLICATIONS OF POTASH?
- AGRICULTURE: OVER 90% OF POTASH IS USED AS A FERTILIZER, MAKING IT ONE OF THE THREE ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS (N-P-K) FOR PLANT GROWTH.
- THE IDEAL NUTRIENT RATIO FOR PLANTS IS 4:2:1 (N:P:K).
- WATER PURIFICATION: POTASH ALUM IS USED TO REMOVE WATER HARDNESS AND HAS ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES.
- INDUSTRIAL USES: POTASH IS USED IN GLASS AND CERAMICS MANUFACTURING, SOAP AND DETERGENT PRODUCTION, AND EXPLOSIVES.
HEADQUARTERS OF INTERNATIONAL FUND FOR AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT?
ROME, ITALY.
AIM OF MISSION AMRIT SAROVAR?
- TO DEVELOP/REJUVENATE 75 PONDS IN EACH DISTRICT, WITH A TOTAL TARGET OF 50,000 AMRIT SAROVARS NATIONWIDE.
- MORE THAN 68,000 PONDS HAVE BEEN EITHER CONSTRUCTED OR REJUVENATED.
WHAT IS AN INACTIVE FOLIO?
A FOLIO IS CLASSIFIED AS INACTIVE WHEN THERE IS AN ABSENCE OF INVESTOR INITIATED TRANSACTIONS, FINANCIAL OR NON FINANCIAL, FOR A PERIOD OF TEN YEARS, DESPITE HAVING A UNIT BALANCE.
AIM OF ASPIRATIONAL DISTRICT PROGRAMME?
AIMED TO EFFECTIVELY TRANSFORM 112 OF THE MOST UNDER DEVELOPED DISTRICTS ACROSS INDIA, BASED ON 3Cs— CONVERGENCE (OF CENTRAL AND STATE SCHEMES), COLLABORATION (OF CENTRAL AND STATE LEVEL NODAL OFFICERS AND DISTRICT COLLECTORS), AND COMPETITION (AMONG DISTRICTS THROUGH MONTHLY DELTA RANKING).
FIVE BROAD SOCIO ECONOMIC THEMES OF ASPIRATIONAL DISTRICTS PROGRAMME?
- HEALTH AND NUTRITION
- EDUCATION
- AGRICULTURE AND WATER RESEARCHES
- FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND SKILL DEVELOPMENT
- INFRASTRUCTURE.
PARAMETERS OF PRIME MINISTER DHAN-DHAANYA KRISHI YOJANA?
PMDKY WILL COVER 100 DISTRICTS BASED ON THREE BROAD PARAMETERS
- LOW PRODUCTIVITY
- MODERATE CROP INTENSITY
- BELOW AVERAGE CREDIT PARAMETERS.
WHAT IS A TOBIN TAX?
- IT IS A SMALL TAX ON INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS TO ENHANCE CURRENCY STABILITY.
- ALSO KNOWN AS FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS TAX (FTT), ROBIN HOOD TAX (INFORMAL NAME).
PURPOSE OF TOBIN TAX?
TO REDUCE SPECULATION AND STABILIZE GLOBAL FINANCIAL MARKETS.
WHICH TAX IS DESCRIBED AS A MECHANISM TO “THROW SAND IN THE WHEELS” OF CURRENCY FLOWS, SLOWING VOLATILITY?
TOBIN TAX.
BANKS INSURED BY THE DEPOSIT INSURANCE AND CREDIT GUARANTEE CORPORATION (DICGC)?
- DICGC INSURES ALL COMMERCIAL BANKS, INCLUDING BRANCHES OF FOREIGN BANKS FUNCTIONING IN INDIA, LOCAL AREA BANKS, REGIONAL RURAL BANKS, AND COOPERATIVE BANKS.
- HOWEVER PRIMARY COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES ARE NOT INSURED BY DICGC.
DEPOSITS INSURED UNDER THE DEPOSIT INSURANCE AND CREDIT GUARANTEE CORPORATION (DICGC)?
- SAVINGS, FIXED, CURRENT, AND RECURRING DEPOSITS ARE INSURED.
- THE DICGC DOES NOT PROVIDE INSURANCE FOR DEPOSITS BY FOREIGN, CENTRAL, AND STATE GOVERNMENTS, AND FOR INTER BANK DEPOSITS.
THE OBJECTIVE OF THE DICGC IS TO PROTECT “SMALL DEPOSITORS” FROM THE RISK OF LOSING THEIR SAVINGS IN CASE OF A BANK FAILURE. THE INSURANCE COVER OF Rs ______ PER DEPOSITOR IS FOR ALL ACCOUNTS HELD BY THE DEPOSITOR IN ALL BRANCHES OF THE INSURED BANK.
Rs 5 LAKH.
AT PRESENT, THE DEPOSIT INSURANCE AND CREDIT GUARANTEE CORPORATION (DICGC) OFFERS INSURANCE COVER UP TO?
RS 5 LAKH WITHIN 90 DAYS OF IMPOSITION OF SUCH RESTRICTIONS. DICGC INSURES BOTH THE PRINCIPAL AND INTEREST AMOUNT.
AIM OF PM SURYA GHAR MUFT BIJLI YOJANA?
- TO INSTALL ROOFTOP SOLAR PANELS ON ONE CRORE HOUSEHOLDS BY MARCH 2027, PROVIDING FREE ELECTRICITY AND PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PRACTICES.
- IT TARGETS PROVIDING 300 UNITS OF FREE ELECTRICITY PER MONTH TO ONE CRORE HOUSEHOLDS THROUGH RTS INSTALLATION.
NODAL MINISTRY OF PM SURYA GHAR MUFT BIJLI YOJANA?
MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY.
IMPLEMENTING AGENCY FOR PM SURYA GHAR MUFT BIJLI YOJANA?
DISCOMs (ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES) ARE DESIGNATED AS THE STATE IMPLEMENTATION AGENCIES (SIAs).
DEPOSITS NOT COVERED UNDER DEPOSIT INSURANCE AND CREDIT GUARANTEE CORPORATION (DICGC)?
- DEPOSITS OF FOREIGN GOVERMENTS, CENTRAL AND STATE GOVERMENTS, AND INTER BANK DEPOSITS ARE EXCLUDED.
- DEPOSITS WITH STATE LAND DEVELOPMENT BANKS ARE NOT INSURED.
- DEPOSITS LOCATED OUTSIDE INDIA AND THOSE EXEMPTED BY RBI APPROVAL ARE NOT COVERED.
TIME LIMIT UNDER DEPOSIT INSURANCE AND CREDIT GUARANTEE CORPORATION (DICGC)?
CLAIM SETTLEMENT OCCURS WITHIN 90 DAYS OF RBI IMPOSED RESTRICTIONS.
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURAL AND PROCESSED FOOD PRODUCTS EXPORT DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (APEDA)?
MINISTRY OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY, GOVERMENT OF INDIA.
WHAT IS THE MUTUAL CREDIT GUARANTEE SCHEME FOR MSMEs (MCGS‐MSME)?
THE MUTUAL CREDIT GUARANTEE SCHEME FOR MSMEs (MCGS‐MSME) IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO MSMEs THROUGH COLLATERAL FREE TERM LOANS FOR EXPANDING PRODUCTION CAPACITY AND UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY.
LOAN FACILITATION UNDER THE MUTUAL CREDIT GUARANTEE SCHEME FOR MSMEs (MCGS‐MSME)?
- THE SCHEME PROVIDES COLLATERAL FREE LOANS UP TO ₹100 CRORE TO MSMEs.
- WHILE THE GUARANTEED LOAN AMOUNT CANNOT EXCEED ₹100 CRORE, THE TOTAL PROJECT COST MAY BE HIGHER.
TARGET BENEFICIARIES UNDER THE MUTUAL CREDIT GUARANTEE SCHEME FOR MSMEs (MCGS‐MSME)?
ONLY MSMEs WITH VALID UDYAM REGISTRATION.
GUARANTEE COVERAGE UNDER THE MUTUAL CREDIT GUARANTEE SCHEME FOR MSMEs (MCGS‐MSME)?
NATIONAL CREDIT GUARANTEE TRUSTEE COMPANY LIMITED (NCGTC), A WHOLLY OWNED COMPANY OF DFS.
SCHEME DURATION FOR THE MUTUAL CREDIT GUARANTEE SCHEME FOR MSMEs (MCGS‐MSME)?
THE SCHEME IS AVAILABLE FOR FOUR YEARS OR UNTIL ₹7 LAKH CRORE WORTH OF GUARANTEES HAVE BEEN ISSUED, WHICHEVER COMES FIRST.
RBI ALLOWS _______ TO EXTEND CREDIT LINE THROUGH UPI.
SMALL FINANCE BANKS (SFBs).
UPI CREDIT LINE IS DEVELOPED BY?
THE NATIONAL PAYMENTS CORPORATION OF INDIA (NPCI).
CENTRE NOTIFIES GUIDELINES ON SEAWEEDS IMPORTS. WHAT ARE THE KEY FEATURES OF THE GUIDELINES?
- APPLICATION AND APPROVAL PROCESS:- IMPORTERS MUST SUBMIT A DETAILED APPLICATION TO THE DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES.
- APPLICATIONS ARE REVIEWED BY THE NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON INTRODUCTION OF EXOTIC AQUATIC SPECIES INTO INDIAN WATERS.
- UPON APPROVAL, AN IMPORT PERMIT IS ISSUED WITHIN FOUR WEKKS, EXPEDITING THE IMPORT OF QUALITY SEAWEED GERMPLASM.
REGIONAL RURAL BANKS CONSOLIDATION BEGAN FOLLOWING THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ________ COMMITTEE.
DR VYAS COMMITTEE (2001).
REGIONAL RURAL BANKS WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1975 ON THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF?
NARASIMHAN WORKING GROUP (1975), THROUGH AN ORDINANCE LATER REPLACED BY THE REGIONAL RURAL BANKS ACT, 1976.
SHAREHOLDING STRUCTURE OF REGIONAL RURAL BANKS?
- GOVERMENT OF INDIA: 50%
- STATE GOVERNMENT: 15%
- SPONSOR BANK: 35%.
REGULATION OF REGIONAL RURAL BANKS?
RRBs ARE SCHEDULED COMMERCIAL BANKS (GOVERMENT BANKS) REGULATED BY THE RBI AND SUPERVISED BY NABARD.
PRIORITY SECTOR LENDING (PSL) OF REGIONAL RURAL BANK?
RRBs MUST ALLOCATE 75% OF THEIR TOTAL OUTSTANDING ADVANCES TO PSL, COMPARED TO 40% FOR SCHEDULED COMMERCIAL BANKS.
WHAT IS APS?
- AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE SULPHATE (APS) OR 20:20:0:13 (N:P:K:S) NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM AND SULPHUR
- IT HAS BECOME INDIA’S THIRD LARGEST CONSUMED FERTILIZER AFTER UREA AND DAP.
FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT LIMIT?
- UNDER THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE MANAGEMENT ACT (FEMA), FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTORS (FPIs) ARE PERMITTED TO HOLD UP TO 10% OF A COMPANY’S TOTAL PAID UP EQUITY CAPITAL.
- IF AN FPI OR ITS INVESTOR GROUP BREACHES THIS LIMIT, RECLASSIFICATION TO FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) BECOMES MANDATORY.
OPTIONS FOR FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTORS BREACHING THE 10% LIMIT?
- FPIs THAT EXCEED THE 10% THRESHOLD MUST EITHER DIVEST THEIR EXCESS HOLDINGS OR RECLASSIFY THEIR INVESTMENT AS FDI.
- THEY HAVE A FIVE DAY WINDOW FROM THE DATE OF TRADE SETTLEMENT TO COMPLY WITH THIS REQUIREMENT, ACCORDING TO RBI GUIDELINES.
CONDITIONS FOR RECLASSIFICATION OF FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS?
- ONCE RECLASSIFIED, THE ENTIRE INVESTMENT BY THE FPI WILL BE DEEMED FDI AND WILL REMAIN CATEGORISED AS SUCH, EVEN IF HOLDINGS DROP BELOW THE 10% THRESHOLD LATER ON.
- FOR RECLASSIFICATION PURPOSES, THE FPI AND ITS INVESTOR GROUP WILL BE TREATED AS A SINGLE ENTITY.
REQUIRED GOVERMENT APPROVALS FOR FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS RECLASSIFICATION?
- THE FPI SEEKING RECLASSIFICATION MUST SECURE NECESSARY APPROVALS FROM THE INDIAN GOVERMENT, ESPECIALLY FOR INVESTMENTS ORIGINATING FROM COUNTRIES THAT SHARE A LAND BORDER WITH INDIA.
- ADDITIONAL APPROVALS ARE NEEDED IF THE BENEFICIAL OWNER OF THE INVESTMENT IS A CITIZEN OR RESIDENT OF THESE BORDERING COUNTRIES AS THEY REQUIRE A GOVERMENT ROUTE FOR ANY TYPE OF FDI.
RELAXATION FOR NON BORDERING COUNTRY INVESTORS REGARDING FOREIGN PORTFOLIO INVESTMENTS?
INVESTORS FROM COUNTRIES NOT SUBJECT TO THIS POLICY (RECLASSIFICATION) ARE ONLY REQUIRED TO NOTIFY THE RBI POST TRANSACTION, WITHOUT THE NEED FOR PRIOR GOVERNMENT PERMISSION.
WHAT IS CENVAT CREDIT (CENTRAL VALUE ADDED TAX CREDIT)?
- IT IS A MECHANISM THAT ALLOWS MANUFACTURERS AND SERVICE PROVIDERS TO CLAIM TAX CREIDTS ON EXCISE DUTY OR ADDITIONAL DUTIES PAID ON INPUT SERVICES AND INPUT.
- THIS PROCESS SIMPLIFIES TAX AND REDUCES BURDEN ON BUSINESS.
PUBLISHER OF INDEX OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION?
THE CENTRAL STATISTICAL ORGANIZATION (CSO), UNDER THE MINISTRY OF STATISTICS AND PROGRAMME.
STRUCTURAL CAUSES OF CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT?
- UNDER INVESTMENT
- RELATIVELY LOW PRODUCTIVITY
- PERSISTENTLY HIGH RELATIVE INFLATION
- INADEQUATE R&D, INNOVATION
- EMERGENCE OF LOWER COST COMPETITION.
CYCLICAL CAUSES OF CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT?
- OVER VALUED EXCHANGE RATE
- BOOM IN DOMESTIC DEMAND
- RECESSION IN KEY EXPORT MARKETS
- SLUMP IN GLOBAL PRICES OF EXPORTS
- INCREASED DEMAND FOR IMPORTED TECHNOLOGY.
IMPLICATION OF CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT?
- DEPRECIATION OF RUPEE
- INFLATION
- ELEVATED INTEREST RATES
- ECONOMIC GROWTH
WHAT IS A CIRCULAR ECONOMY?
- A CIRCULAR ECONOMY IS AN ECONOMIC MODEL DESIGNED TO MINIMIZE WASTE, MAXIMIZE RESOURCE EFFICIENCY, AND PROMOTE SUSTAINABILITY.
- UNLIKE THE TRADITIONAL LINEAR ECONOMY (TAKE, MAKE, DISPOSE), A CIRCULAR ECONOMY FOCUSES ON CLOSING THE LOOP THROUGH PRINCIPLES LIKE REUSE, RECYCLING, AND REGENERATION.
KEY PRINCIPLES OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY?
- REDUCE
- REUSE
- RECYCLE
- REGENERATE
- DESIGN FOR LONGEVITY.
COMPOSITION OF FOREX OF INDIA (IN DESCENDING ORDER)?
- FOREIGN CURRENCY ASSETS
- GOLD RESERVES
- SPECIAL DRAWING RIGHTS (SDR)
- RESERVE POSITION IN IMF.
NOBEL PRIZE IN ECONOMIC SCIENCES 2024?
- DARON ACEMOGLU
- SIMON JOHNSON
- JAMES A. ROBINSON FOR STUDIES OF HOW INSTITUTIONS ARE FORMED AND AFFECT PROSPERITY.
CALCULATION OF DEARNESS ALLOWANCE?
- DEARNESS ALLOWANCE IS CALCULATED AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE BASIC SALARY.
- IT IS BASED ON THE ALL INDIA CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (AICPI), WHICH TRACKS RETAIL PRICES ACROSS INDIA.
- DA VARIES DEPENDING ON THE EMPLOYEE’S LOCATION, i.e., WHETHER POSTED IN AN URBAN, SEMI-URBAN, OR RURAL AREA.
TAXABILITY OF DEARNESS ALLOWANCE?
DEARNESS ALLOWANCE IS FULLY TAXABLE FOR SALARIED EMPLOYEES.
DEARNESS RELIEF?
PENSIONERS ALSO RECIEVE DA, REFERRED TO AS DEARNESS RELIEF (DR), TO HELP MANAGE INFLATION’S IMPACT ON THEIR PENSIONS.
VARIABLE DEARNESS ALLOWANCE?
- APPLICABLE TO CENTRAL GOVERMENT EMPLOYEES.
- REVISED EVERY SIX MONTHS BASED ON CHANGES IN THE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (CPI).
- DA%= [(AVERAGE OF AICPI (BASE YEAR 2001=100) FOR THE LAST 12 MONTHS– 115.76)/115.76]* 100.
INDUSTRIAL DEARNESS ALLOWANCE (IDA)?
- APPLICABLE TO PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT.
- REVISED QUARTERLY, BASED ON THE CHANGES IN CPI.
- DA%= [(AVERAGE OF AICPI (BASE YEAR 2001=100) FOR THE LAST 3 MONTHS– 126.33)/126.33]* 100.
OBJECTIVE OF AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT FUND (AIF) SCHEME?
- IT IS A CENTRAL SECTOR SCHEME LAUNCHED IN 2020 WITH AN OPERATIONAL PERIOD FROM 2020-21 TO 2032-33 FOCUSED ON AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE.
- PROVIDES MEDIUM TO LONG TERM FINANCING FOR POST HARVEST AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS.
ELIGIBLE PROJECTS UNDER AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT FUND (AIF) SCHEME?
- POST HARVEST INFRASTRUCTURE
- PROCESSING AND VALUE ADDITION
- TECHNOLOGY DRIVEN SOLUTIONS
- RENEWABLE ENERGY
- INTEGRATION WITH OTHER SCHEMES- PM KUSUM COMPONENT-A CAN NOW BE INTEGRATED WITH AIF.
MANDATORY BORROWER CONTRIBUTION UNDER AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT FUND (AIF) SCHEME?
APPLICANTS MUST CONTRIBUTE AT LEAST 10% OF THE TOTAL PROJECT COST.
ELIGIBLE BENEFICIARIES UNDER AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT FUND (AIF) SCHEME?
- INDIVIDUAL FARMERS: FOR ON FARM STORAGE AND PROCESSING UNITS.
- SOCIAL INCLUSION: 24% OF TOTAL GRANT IN AID MUST BE ALLOCATED TO SC/ST ENTREPRENEURS.
- 16% FOR SC
- 8% FOR ST.
- FARMERS PRODUCER ORGANIZATION (FPOs)
- SELF HELP GROUPS (SHGs) AND JOINT LIABILITY GROUPS (JLGs)
- COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES AND PRIMARY AGRICULTURAL CREDIT SOCIETIES (PACS).
FINANCIAL PROVISIONS UNDER AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT FUND (AIF) SCHEME?
- TOTAL LOAN PROVISION: ₹1 LAKH CRORE THROUGH LENDING INSTITUTIONS.
- INTEREST RATE CAP: 9% ON LOANS
- INTEREST SUBVENTION: 3% PER ANNUM ON LOANS UP TO ₹2 CRORE FOR 7 YEARS.
- CREDIT GUARANTEE: PROVIDED THROUGH CREDIT GUARANTEE FUND TRUST FOR MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES (CGTMSE).
PROJECT LIMITS UNDER AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT FUND (AIF) SCHEME?
- PRIVATE SECTOR ENTITIES (FARMERS, AGRI-ENTREPRENEURS, STARTUPS)
- CAN APPLY FOR UP TO 25 PROJECTS ACROSS DIFFERENT LOCATIONS.
- EACH PROJECT IS ELIGIBLE FOR A ₹2 CRORE LOAN
- MULTIPLE PROJECTS AT ONE LOCATION ALLOWED WITHIN THE ₹2 CRORE CAP.
- STATE AGENCIES, COOPERATIVES, FPOs, SHGs- NO LIMIT ON THE NUMBER OF PROJECTS.
EXCLUSION UNDER AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT FUND (AIF) SCHEME?
PUBLIC SECTOR UNDERTAKINGS (PSUs) ARE NOT ELIGIBLE, BUT PPP-SPONSORED PROJECTS ARE ALLOWED.
NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE MARKETING FEDERATION OF INDIA (NAFED) IS REGISTERED UNDER AND IT COMES UNDER _______ MINISTRY.
- IT IS REGISTERED UNDER THE MULTI STATE CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES ACT, 2002.
- IT COMES UNDER THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE.
IMF TRIPLE POLICY PIVOT?
- A TRIPLE POLICY PIVOT IS A COMBINATION OF MONETARY, FISCAL, AND STRUCTURAL POLICY CHANGES THAT AIM TO SUPPORT LONG-TERM GROWTH AND STABILITY. THE POLICY CHANGES INCLUDE:
- MONETARY POLICY NEUTRALITY: CENTRAL BANKS SHIFT TO NEUTRAL STANCES ON POLICY RATES.
- FISCAL BUFFERS: GOVERNMENTS REINFORCE FISCAL POLICIES AFTER YEARS OF LARGE SPENDING.
- STRUCTURAL REFORMS: GOVERNMENTS FOCUS ON IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY, ADAPTING TO DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND RESILIENCE.
IMF QUOTA SUBSCRIPTION?
EACH IMF MEMBER CONTRIBUTES A FINANCIAL AMOUNT BASED ON ITS ECONOMIC SIZE AND WEALTH.
IMF QUOTA REVIEW?
QUOTAS ARE REVIEWED EVERY 5 YEARS AND ARE LINKED TO EACH COUNTRY’S WEALTH AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE.
IMF QUOTA FORMULA?
- GDP (50%)
- OPENESS (30%)
- ECONOMIC VARIABILITY (15%)
- INTERNATIONAL RESERVES (5%).
HOW ARE IMFs QUOTAS DENOMINATED?
QUOTAS ARE DENOMINATED IN SPECIAL DRAWING RIGHTS (SDRs), AN INTERNATIONAL RESERVE ASSET CREATED BY THE IMF.
RESERVE TRANCHE POSITION OF IMF AND IT’S CALCULATION?
- RESERVE TRANCHE (ALSO CALLED “GOLD TRANCHE”) IS A PORTION OF A MEMBER’S QUOTA THAT CAN BE ACCESSED WITHOUT STRINGENT CONDITIONS OR SERVICE FEES.
- CALCULATION:- THE RESERVE TRANCHE POSITION IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE IMF’s HOLDINGS OF A COUNTRY’S CURRENCY AND THE COUNTRY’S IMF QUOTA.
PRADHAN MANTRI MUDRA YOJANA (PMMY) LOAN LIMIT UPDATE?
IT INCREASED TO ₹20 LAKH FROM THE CURRENT ₹10 LAKH.
RECENT MODIFICATIONS IN PRADHAN MANTRI MUDRA YOJANA (PMMY)?
- THE NEW CATEGORY OF TARUN PLUS IS FOR LOANS ABOVE ₹10 LAKH AND UPTO ₹20 LAKH HAS BEEN CREATED.
- ELIGIBILITY: THE FACILITY WOULD BE AVAILABLE TO THE ENTREPRENEURS WHO HAVE AVAILED AND SUCCESSFULLY REPAID PREVIOUS LOANS UNDER THE TARUN CATEGORY.
- GUARANTEE: THE GUARANTEE COVERAGE OF PMMY LOANS UPTO ₹20 LAKH WILL BE PROVIDED UNDER THE CREDIT GUARANTEE FUND FOR MICRO UNITS (CGFMU).
ABOUT PRADHAN MANTRI MUDRA YOJANA (PMMY)?
- THIS IS A SCHEME LAUNCHED ON APRIL 8, 2015 FOR PROVIDING COLLATERAL FREE LOANS UP TO ₹10 LAKH.
- THESE LOANS ARE CLASSIFIED AS MUDRA LOANS UNDER PMMY.
- OBJECTIVE: TO PROVIDE LOANS UPTO ₹10 LAKH TO NON COOPERATE, NON FARM SMALL AND MICRO ENTERPRISES THROUGH BANKS, NON BANKING FINANCIAL COMPANIES (NBFCs), AND MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTIONS (MFIs).
- MUDRA, STANDS FOR MICRO UNITS DEVELOPMENT & REFINANCE AGENCY LTD., IS A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION SET UP BY THE CENTRE.
- MUDRA WAS INITIALLY FORMED AS A WHOLLY SUBSIDIARY OF THE SMALL INDUSTRIES DEVELOPMENT BANK OF INDIA (SIDBI) WITH 100% CAPITAL BEING CONTRIBUTED BY IT.
NODAL MINISTRY OF PRADHAN MANTRI MUDRA YOJANA (PMMY)?
MINISTRY OF FINANCE.
WHAT IS FUTURES AND OPTIONS TRADING?
- FUTURES AND OPTIONS ARE FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES THAT DERIVE THEIR VALUE FROM AN UNDERLYING ASSET (SUCH AS STOCKS, INDICES, COMMODITIES, OR CURRENCIES).
- THEY ARE CONTRACTS BETWEEN TWO PARTIES, WHERE THEY AGREE TO BUY OR SELL THE UNDERLYING ASSET AT A PREDETERMINED PRICE ON A FUTURE DATE.
WHAT IS A HAIRCUT?
- A HAIRCUT IS A TERM USED IN BANKING TO DESCRIBE THE AMOUNT OF MONEY A LENDER FORGOES DURING THE LOAN RESOLUTION PROCESS.
- IT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE LOAN AMOUNT AND THE ACTUAL VALUE OF THE ASSET USED AS COLLATERAL.
- WHEN A BORROWER DEFAULTS ON A LOAN, THE BANK MAY AGREE TO ACCEPT A SETTLEMENT AMOUNT THAT IS LESS THAN THE FULL AMOUNT OWED.
- THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ORIGINAL DEBT AND THE SETTLEMENT AMOUNT IS KNOWN AS THE HAIRCUT.
NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY?
NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY IS DEFINED AS THE RATIO OF THE AMOUNT OF NITROGEN EFFECTIVELY UTILISED BY CROPS TO THE AMOUNT OF NITROGEN APPLIED.
WHAT IS CARRY TRADE?
CARRY TRADE IS A TRADING STRATEGY THAT INVOLVES BORROWING MONEY AT A LOW INTEREST COST AND INVESTING THE SAME IN OTHER ASSETS THAT PROVIDE HIGHER RETURNS.
BATCH PROCESSING?
BATCH PROCESSING REFERS TO THE EXECUTION OF A SERIES OF TASKS OR TRANSACTIONS AS A SINGLE GROUP OR BATCH, TYPICALLY AT SCHEDULED INTERVALS (e.g., end of the day).
CONTINUOUS CLEARING?
IT IS A METHOD WHERE TRANSACTIONS OR DATA ARE PROCESSED IN REAL TIME OR NEAR REAL TIME AS THEY ARE RECIEVED, RATHER THAN WAITING TO ACCUMULATE INTO A BEACH.
WHAT IS CHEQUE TRUNCATION SYSTEM?
- CTS IS A CHEQUE CLEARING SYSTEM UNDERTAKEN BY THE RBI. AS THE NAME SUGGESTS, TRUNCATION IS THE PROCESS OF STOPPING THE FLOW OF PHYSICAL CHEQUES IN ITS WAY OF CLEARANCE.
- IT IS AN ONLINE IMAGE BASED CHEQUE CLEARING SYSTEM WHERE CHEQUE IMAGES AND MAGNETIC INK CHARACTER RECOGNITION (MICR) DATA ARE CAPTURED AT THE COLLECTING BANK BRANCH AND TRANSMITTED ELECTRONICALLY ELIMINATING THE ACTUAL CHEQUE MOVEMENT.
- CHEQUE TRUNCATION THUS OBVIATES THE NEED TO MOVE PHYSICAL CHEQUES ACROSS BRANCHES.
NODAL MINISTRY OF NATIONAL TEST HOUSE?
NATIONAL TEST HOUSE OPERATES AS A SUBORDINATE OFFICE UNDER THE DEPARTMENT OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, MINISTRY OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD & PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION.
WHAT IS BILLS OF LADING BILL?
- A BILL OF LADING (BoL) IS A CRUCIAL DOCUMENT IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND MARITIME COMMERCE.
- A BILL OF LADING IS A LEGAL DOCUMENT ISSUED BY A CARRIER TO THE SHIPPER, DETAILING THE GOODS BEING SHIPPED, THE TERMS OF TRANSPORTATION, AND THE PARTIES INVOLVED.
WHAT IS PRESTON CURVE?
THE PRESTON CURVE REFERS TO A CERTAIN EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIP THAT IS WITNESSED BETWEEN LIFE EXPECTANCY AND PER CAPITA INCOME IN A COUNTRY.
PRICE STABILIZATION FUND (PSF)?
- THE PRICE STABILIZATION FUND WAS ESTABLISHED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR 2014-15 UNDER THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION & FARMERS WELFARE.
- SUBSEQUENTLY, IN 2016 THE PSAF SCHEME WAS TRANSFERRED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS.
NODAL MINISTRY OF REVISED NATIONAL PROGRAM FOR DAIRY DEVELOPMENT (NPDD)?
DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY & DAIRYING (DAHD).
PRIORITY SECTOR LENDING IN DOMESTIC COMMERCIAL BANKS & FOREIGN BANKS WITH 20 BRANCHES AND ABOVE?
TOTAL PRIORITY SECTOR LENDING: 40%.
PRIORITY SECTOR LENDING IN FOREIGN BANKS WITH LESS THAN 20 BRANCHES?
TOTAL PRIORITY SECTOR LENDING: 40% (UPTO 32% IN FORM OF EXPORT CREDIT).
PRIORITY SECTOR LENDING IN SMALL FINANCE BANKS?
TOTAL PRIORITY SECTOR LENDING: 75%.
