Economics Flashcards
Difference between Bank rate; Repo rate?
- •Bank rate- long term loan given by RBI to banks without any collateral
- •Repo rate- short term loans given by RBI; clients have to give government securities as collateral (this securities should be other than MSF)
What are SEBI’s 2015 guidelines for municipal bonds?
- Municipalities must contribute at least 20% of total project cost.
- Bond maturity tenure- min 3 years
- Municipalities must have good track record & the one having negative net worth or have defaulted earlier are barred
- Min 75% bonds must be subscribed, if not then the one subscribed must be refunded by municipality
- Pf, pension funds, insurance companies can also subscribe the bonds using premium collected from people
Name the states which will have solar parks under National Solar Mission?
25 solar parks are to built in 12 states- Gujarat, Meghalaya, UP, MP, Telangana, Andhra P, J&K, Rajasthan, Odisha, TN, Karnataka
Coal Mines Bill, 2015
- provides for allocation of coal mines and vesting of the right, title and interest in and over the land and mine infrastructure together with mining leases to successful bidders and allottees.
- auction of these blocks were being carried out through an e-auction process to transparency of the process.
Insurance Amendment Bill, 2015
- FDI cap increased from 26% to 49%
- bill proposes to replace section 64 from Insurance Amendment Act, 1968 by another section which would move the licensing issue to the regulations formed by IRDA
- sec-64 contains establishment of IIISLA (Indian Institute for Insurance Surveyors of Losses & Assessors) that provides statutory group of professionals with technically qualified loss assessors who ensure reasonable settlement of insurance claims & ensures that company does not faces losses
Which committee led to thinking of money market in India and which committee started it?
- Chakravarthy Commitee in 1985 asked for it for the first time
- Vahul Committee recommended its form in 1987
When was NFBCs made under the present form?
In 1997, it was brought under RBIs regulations
Name the four indigenous bankers in India and places/areas of their presence ?
- Gujarati Shroffs- Mumbai, Kolkata
- Shikarpuri/Multani Shroffs- Mumbai, Kolkata, Assam Tea gardens
- Marwari Kayas- Gujrat
- Chettiyars- Chennai and Southern ports
Requirement for using Commercial Paper?
- used by corporate houses which are listed and with the capital of more than 5 crore
- issuing company must have a species credit rating from an agency approved by the RBI
Call money market ?
- interbank for a short notice (14days).
- also called overnight borrowing market or money at call
- repo rated, interest inc with inc in time for borrowing
- SCBs can lend & borrow it
- LIC,GIC, NABARD, IFBI, Mutual Funds can lend only
Base Rate in banking?
Floor rate of interest
Synonyms- Prime Lending Rates or Benchmark Prime Lending Rates
Who was the chairman of Working Group on Prime Lending Rates?
Deepak Mohanty
Aim: enhancing transparency in lending rates and better assessment of transmission of monetary policy
What recommendations were given by the Urjit R Patel Committee on Banking System?
- Recognition of glide path for disinflation
- Adoption of new CPI (national) as key measuring of inflation
- Progressive reduction in access to overnight liquidity at fixed repo rate. This led to decrease in liquidity provided under overnight repos from 0.5% to 0.25%
- Increase in access to liquidity through term repos. It led to increase in liquidity provided under 7-day and 14-day term repos from 0.5% to 0.75%
India’s first Private bank?
UTI Bank when in 1994, GOI allowed entry of private players in banking
First Indian Bank to sell its shares for capital building?
Indian Overseas Bank, when the Banking Companies (Amendment) Act, 1994 was passed to allow the public banks to capitalise by selling their stakes with 33% ceiling
India’s first Private bank?
UTI Bank when in 1994, GOI allowed entry of private players in banking
First Indian Bank to sell its shares for capital building?
Indian Overseas Bank, when the Banking Companies (Amendment) Act, 1994 was passed to allow the public banks to capitalise by selling their stakes with 33% ceiling
India’s first Private bank?
UTI Bank when in 1994, GOI allowed entry of private players in banking
First Indian Bank to sell its shares for capital building?
Indian Overseas Bank, when the Banking Companies (Amendment) Act, 1994 was passed to allow the public banks to capitalise by selling their stakes with 33% ceiling
Synonym of Inflation Tax?
Why it is called so and How is it related to Deficit Financing?
How it is used by government?
- Seignorage
- Sometimes government starts printing new currency in an economy to finance their deficit without increasing the production level. This leads to increased money supply, which further leads to inflation. This is a situation of sustaining government expenditure at the cost of people’s money. So it is called a tax.
- The government can levy Inflation tax on companies who increases the salary of their workers above the prescribed limit.
What is Shoe Leather Cost and what is the relation between saving rate and inflation?
Saving money in the bank is a bad economic decision as the value of money decreases over time due to inflation. It only wears out the shoes of the people who had to go to the bank regularly and thus it is called Shoe Leather Cost of inflation.
In the short run, saving rate increases due to inflation but in the long run higher inflation rate decreases the saving rate in an economy. It’s opposite is also true.
For which purpose WPI Inflation is used?
Who is entrusted with the task of releasing it??
- for major policy decisions of the government like inflation management and monitoring of prices of essential commodities.
- it is used by RBI to update its monetary policy changes
- various departments use it for arriving at the escalation costs of various contracts
-it is released by Office of Economic Adviser, Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion
How did the issue of flow of regular price data was addressed by the Office of Economic Adviser?
- an online data transmission mechanism has been developed whereby, the manufacturing units can supply price data through Internet.
- arrangements has been made with National Sample Survey Office (Field Operations Devisions) to get price data on regular basis
Reasons for rising protein inflation?
Who consumes protein rich food?
-Changes in dietary habits which resulted due to rise in MGMREGA wages, inadequate supply, shocks from global food inflation.
- Main demand of protein foods come from:
1. Fast growing urban consumers benefitting from revision of wages by Sixth Pay Commission
2. Private sector income rise after a spectacular urban growth sector
Which commodity covers the maximum of protein rich food?
Reasons for Milk Inflation?
Advantages of milk market being a Organised market?
-Milk (52%); India is world’s largest milk producer and New Zealand is world’s richest producer of milk.
- Reasons for Inflation:
1. Surge in global milk market and the decline of EU’s milk surplus
2. Rising fodder prices for small landholders
Smooth changes in prices of mil States that Indian milk market is organised. When the prices will start deflating, it would be for long term
In which cities, NHB Residex has been started as a pilot project?
Bangalore, Mumbai, Bhopal, Delhi, Kolkata
What are government policies that recover an economy?
Tax breaks, interest cuts, rise in wages, innovations in economics
What causes the fluctuation in currency value?
- Changes in the imports and exports of the country: An increase in exports of a country will lead to an increase in demand for the currency and thus the value rises.
- Changes in Interest rate: Higher interest rate will attract more foreign investors to invest in the country and thus the demand for currency will rise, resulting in appreciation in value of the currency.
- Changes in Inflation rate: Higher inflation rate will make the country uncompetitive in the international market. The exports will fall resulting in decreased demand for the currency and hence lower value.
How does a currency appreciates or depreciates?
Demand for any country’s currency on the foreign exchange market is determined by demand for that country’s exports of goods and services and by changes in foreign investment in that country. This is because when foreigners buy another country’s exports of goods or services they must pay for these in the currency of the exporting country.
In the same way Supply of any country’s currency on the foreign exchange market is determined by that country’s imports of goods and services and by its investment in other countries.
Thus when the demand for a currency rises its price goes up and it becomes costlier.
Which were the years that had Current Account Surplus?
2000-2003
What is the sustainable Current Account Deficit for India?
2.5% of GDP, acc to RBI
SS TARAPORE COMMITTEE (1997) on Capital Account Convertibility?
Recommendations:-
•Allowing full capital convertibility in capital account
Name the service that IMF provides to its members in BOP crisis?
When and why did India accessed it?
External Fund Facility (first of its kind) given by IMF to help the member countries in BOP crisis.
India took the service in 1981-82 and agreed to the following structural changes:
1. Since 1981 the IMF Institute has provided training to Indian officials in national accounts, tax administration, balance of payments compilation, monetary policy, and other areas.