Economic Survey 2025 Flashcards
Who authored the Economic Survey 2025?
V. Anantha Nageswaran - Chief Economic Advisor
Dept of Econo Affairs, Min of Finance
India is the ___ largest producer of cement industries
2nd largest
with 290 kg / capita consumption
Acc to Eco Survey, in FY26, GDP likely to grow at?
6.3 - 6.8%
Growth rate needed to achieve Viksit Bharat?
8%
For a decade or 2 for Viksit Bharat 2047
FY-26 forecast by IMF & Fitch Ratings?
6.5
FY26 forecast by ADB & WB?
ADB = 7%
WB = 6.7%
Why go for Deregulation particularly at state level?
- Ease of Doing Business 2.0
- Lowering cost of Business
- Accelerating emloyment
Govt getting out of the way
Acc to Eco Survey, a consistent growth of __% with a __% share in GVA would absorb surplus labour as output/ worker /ha rise in agri
5% growth
20% share of GVA
Acc to eco survey agri income has increased ___% pa compared to __% for non-agri income and ___% in overall economy
5.2% - agri
6.2% - non-agri
5.8% - overall
Lower tail dependence was noticed by the eco survey wrt agri yield and rainfall, what does it mean?
Correlation between yield losses & rainfall deficits is stronger for extreme rainfall deficienies than for minor variaions
A potential 2 degree rise in temp & a 7% inc in annual rain by 2099 could lead to a ___% dec in agri productivity
8-12%
Acc to a study in Economic Survey
Acc to Economic Survey drip irrigation reduces water consumption by ___% & boosts crop yield by ___% compared to flood irrigation.
water consumption: 39-55%
crop yield: 33-41%
Acc to economic survey because of drip irrigation farmer benefits inc to?
52.9 - 114.5%
Acc to Economic survey CAGR of Fisheries and Meat & eggs is?
Fisheries: 8.7%
Meat & eggs: 7.5%
highest value of output in agri
CAGR of Agri & Allied?
3.6%
Acc to 1st AE by NSO, current GDP Growth, in FY25 is at?
6.4%
Also Real GVA & Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) = 6.4%
There has been a ___ in FDI inflows compared to 2024
decline
Food Inflation inc from 7.5% to ___% in FY25
8.4%
Due to higher veg & pulse prices
Acc to Econo Survey, retail inflation was at 5.4% but has eased to?
4.9% in Apr-Dec 2024
Aka Headline inflation
Acc to Economic Survey, unemployment is down from 6% to
3.2% in 2023-24
Total value of UPI transactions at Rs. __L bn in FY24
Rs. 2L bn
Share of services in GVA rose from 50.6% in FY14 to?
Service sector - an old war horse
55% in FY25
30% of workforce is in services
IMF has projected a growth of ___% & ___% for 2024 & 25, globally.
3.2% in 2024
3.3% in 2025
Private final consumption expenditure (PFCE) at real prices is estimated to grow at?
7.3%
driven by a rebound in rural demand
Expected growth of Agri sector acc to the Economic Survey?
3.8% in FY25
Acc to the Economic Survey, the industrial & services sector is expected to grow at?
Industrial: 6.2% in FY25
Services: 7.2% in FY25
Acc to RBI’s FSR, GNPA in banks have declined to a 12 yr low of?
2.6% of gross loans & advances
CRAR dec to 16.7%
EPFO subscriptions more than doubled from 61L in FY19 to?
131 L in FY24
Recently RBI’s monetary policy cut CRR from ___% to ___%
Cash Reserve Ratio - amt banks must park with RNI
4.5% to 4%
to introduces a liquidity of Rs. 1.16 L cr into economy
Acc to Economic Survey, the corporate bond market in India is only?
As a percent of GDP
18%
it is 80% in Korea and 36% in China
Total insurance premium grew by ___% in FY24
7.7% to ₹ 11.2 L crore
despite a slight decline in insurance penetration to 3.7%
insurance penetration in FY24 declined to?
3.7%
from 4%. Drop in Life insurance to 2.7%
Insurance density saw a modest rise to?
$95
From $92 in FY 23
To have future ready infrastructure by 2030, investment shd be ___% of GDP
as well as 100% literacy
35% of GDP
Acc to World Econo Outlook by IMF, India is set to become a $5 tn eco by?
$5 tn by FY28
and $6 tn by FY30
The cement industry has an environmental impact but is actively working to reduce carbon emissions by?
2070
India ranks ___ globally in cotton, silk & man-made fibres
2nd globally
India’s global rank in service sector exports?
7th (4.3% of global export)
US, UK, Germany, Ireland, China, France
Which 2 states alone contribute 25% of India’s total service sector?
Karnataka & Maha
19 other states contribute only 25%
India produces ___% of the world’s cereals
As per ES
11.6%
but crop yields are much lower than top producers
Agri & allied sectors contributes approximately ___% of GDP in FY24
16% of GDP at current prices
supports abt 46% of population
Micro irrigation covers only __% of India’s irrigated area
8%
USA = 68.6% & China = 13.7%
____ sector is the largest employer in organised manufacturing with upto ____% employment in the sector.
Food Processing
12.41%
12% of exports - agri-food + processed food exports
A ____% inc in enrollment in higher education from 2014-2022
26.5%
HEIs inc by 13.8%
Only ___% of MSME enterprises are owned by women
22% of MSME
Female participation in agri is about ____%
64%
Ground level agri credit in 2023-24 was? Target for 2024-25?
2023-24: Rs. 25.48 L crore
2024-25: Rs. 27.5 L crore
Sub target for allied activities in Ground Level Credit target of India?
Rs. 4.20 L crore
India’s Capex has continuously improved from FY21-24 and was ___% during July-Nov 2024
8.2%
World Trade Uncertainty Index (WTUI) by Stanford Institute, King Centre on Global Development and?
IMF
Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research
PMI is released by?
IHS Markit
S&P global, JP Morgan, ISM
S&P 500 relates to? NIFTY 50?
Top 500 stock companies in US
Top 50 in India
NIFTY 50 by NSE
How many RRB branches are there (by 2023)?
21,856
BSE stock market capitalisation to GDP ratio stood at ___% in Dec 2024?
136%
(Overvalued)
AKA Buffet indicator
In Global Pension Index, India’s index value is?
44
From 45, Out of 48: bad. Netherland 1st
Global services import & export grew by?
import = 6.7%
export = 7.9%
i67-79
Global merchandise import & export grew by?
import = 3%
export = 3.5%
India’s rank in Telecommunication, Computer & Info Services export?
2nd
10% of global export market
Acc to UNCTAD: $682 bn
We have enough FOREX to cover ___ months of imports
10.9 months
~ 11 months
At the end of Sept 2024, External Debt to GDP ratio is?
19.4%
How much debt out of your earnings?
RBI expects headline inflation to be at ___% in FY26?
4.2% in FY26
Near ‘tolerance range’
Food inflation excluding TOP vegetables is?
6.5%
The Union Government’s capital expenditure on key infrastructure sectors has grown from FY20-24 at?
38.8%
NICDP is an ambitious Indian Infrastructure initiative by?
DPIIT
Yoy inc in RE capacity of solar & wind power by Dec 2024 is ___%
15.8%
RE growth til Dec
RE installed capacity of India now stands at ___%
47%
India holds ___% of Global Manufacturing Share
2.8%
China is at 28.8%
Which country has highest R&D expenditure to GDP?
Israel
States that together account for 43% of India’s Industrial value?
Guj, Maha, Karnataka, TN
GMKT
India is the ___ largest telecom market, with overall teledensity of ___%
2nd
84%
India’s rank in world tourism receipt?
14th
MSP for Arhar & Bajra has been increased by?
59% & 77% respectively
expected Kharif foodgrain production for 2024?
1647 LMT
An inc of 89.3 LMT
Acc to Economic Survey, ___% of Net Sown Area is irrigated
55%
rest vulnerable to climate change
PM GKAY implementation date?
2020-2028
How many operational KCC accounts exist?
7.75 crore
interventions MISS, PM FBY, Prompt Repayment Incentive, PM KISAN
agri-food export constituted ___% of India’s total export
11.7%
share of processed food in agri-food: 23.4%
India is the ___ most vulnerable country in climate change and its per capita carbon emissions are ___ of global avg
7th most vulnerable
1/3rd of global avg
Climate adaptation spending rose to 5.6% in FY22
____ has introduced new reporting mandates on NAP by UNFCCC
like Sustainability report, green debt securities, Sov Green Bonds
SEBI
reduce emmissions by 45% by 2030
Gini Coeff in urban areas fell to ___ in 2023-24
0.28
from 0.31
Gini coeff in rural areas fell to ___- in 2023-24
0.237
Govt health expenditure incr from 29% to ___%
48%
Out-of-pocket expenditure dec to 39.4%
LFPR inc from 49.3% to?
50.4%
F-LFPR has risen from 23.3% to ___% in 2023-24
41.7%
7 states have more than 40%
___% of youth have received formal skill development training
5%
4.9%
MSP for Masur & rapeseed has risen by?
89%
98%
Climate adaptation expenditure is ___% of GDP in FY22 from 3.7% in FY16
5.6%
More focus on adaptation than mitigation: no storage
____% of all food available is wasted annually, which is ____% of global GHG emissions.
17% wasted
>8% GHG
Acc to an article by the UN, if food waste were a country, it would be the ____ largest emitting country in the world.
3rd
India’s CAD stood at?
1.2% of GDP
Self Reliant India Fund for MSMEs has a corpus of?
Rs. 50,000 crore
Govt’s share of SSE to GDP increased from 23.3% to ___% in FY25
Social Service Expenditure
26.2%
At Rs. 25.7 L Crore
SSE witnessed a 21% inc from FY 23-24 and a ___% inc from FY 24-25
Social Service Expenditure
10%
Expenditure on education has grown at a CAGR of ___% to Rs. ___ in FY25
Compound annual growth rate
12% to Rs. 9.2 L crore in FY25
Expenditure on health grew CAGR ___% to Rs. ___ in FY 25
18%
Rs. 6.1 L crore in FY25
School dropout rates are at ___% in primary, ___% in secondary levels
1.9% in primary
2.14% in secondary
At 47% ___ has the highest GER in Higher Education & ___ has the highest of all states and UTs at 64.8%
Tamil Nadu
Chandigarh
Chandigarh > Pondi > Delhi. States: HP > Uttarakhand > Kerala
GER at national level is?
28.4%
The Govt intends to increase GER to ___% by 2035 in higher education, it is currently ___%
50% by 2035
28.4%
What is Total Health Expenditure as a % of GDP?
3.8%
reduced from 4%
‘Medicines from the sky’ & i-DRONE are each launched by?
M = Telangana, i-D = Manipur, Nagaland
WEF
ICMR - MoHFW
both launched in 2021
Distribution of operational landholdings under floriculture for S&M farmers?
96.5%
Marginal 91% and Small 5.6%
Acc to Eco Survey, which agri & processed food sector had the highest export % from India?
Floriculture
then processes fruits and vegies, and livestock
Acc to Eco Survey, productivity of which crop of India matches the world?
Groundnut
Kharif
Acc to Eco Survey, which states have diversified towards: jowar, moong & maize, respectively?
Andhra: Jowar
MP: Moong
TN: Maize
Which of the following legume has the highest production in 2024-25?
Soyabean
Cereals: Rice, Millets: Bajra
For measures like PSL, reliance on non-institutional credit sources have reduced to ___% in FY22 from 90%
25%
All banks: 40% to S&M farmers, RRBs: 75%
Ground level credit to agri has shown impressive growth with a CAGR of ___% from 2014-15 to 2024-25
13%
12.9%
GLC to agri rose significantly to 25.5 L crore, of which share of S&M farmers rose to ___% at Rs. 14.4 L crore
57%
To address the training needs of mid-level field extension workers, the government has established 4 extension education institutes in?
Haryana, Telangana, Gujarat, Assam
A Composite Index of Agri Sustainability is by? No. of indicators?
ICAR
51 indicators
India’s score in the composite index of agri sustainability by ICAR is?
0.49
Moderately Sustainable
Contribution of Livestock in Agri & allied GVA is? Where Livestock sector alone represented ___% of total GVA with CAGR of 13%
30% in FY23
5% of total
Economic significance of this sector is clearly illustrated by its rising output value of Rs. ____
Rs. 17.25 L crore
