Economic growth and development module 7 Flashcards
meaning: economic growth, economic development, a developed country and a developing country
economic growth - an increase in the quality of goods and services that a country produces within a certain period of time
economic development - improvement in the economy which results in a better standard of living
developed country - people become richer because they are able to archive sustainable economic growth and development
developing country - people become poorer because they are able to archive sustainable economic growth and development
what does it mean for a country to sustain sustainable economic growth and development
it means that a country is able to grow and develop annually
what does the wealth cycle contain in it
-> Have lots of money ->
> save and invest to earn or buy more or to start own business ->
> spend money on good education ->
> gain skills and experience ->
> get a good job ->
> earn a very good salary
what does the poverty cycle contain in it
-> little or not enough money to invest or buy food ->
> not enough money for an education ->
> children leave school for a job or receive ineffective education ->
> no skills and little or no education ->
> no or low paying job ->
> earn little or no money ->
what is the main reason for well developed industry and infrastructure in SA
South Africa’s economy grew quickly in the 1960’s and this is because SA is rich in natural resources, fertile farmland and large resources.
why did this economic growth not occur to some people
the economic growth was unequal and this is because of the previous government’s policy which stated that all who where better than those who were “non-white” this was known as apartheid.
describe apartheid
it was a policy introduced by the previous government in 1948 that introduced separate development in medical care, housing, infrastructure and education that favoured white people. Economic growth and development only frequently occurred in certain areas, while others waited for long periods of time. all rules were made by whites therefore opportunities and resources favoured white people, they got better and white only hospitals and schools. people were classified according to skin colour but it ended in 1994. therefore there was a big gap between wealth and poverty, which resulted in most South Africans who were non-white falling into poor sectors of society.
what did apartheid bring
inequalities in the quality of life for those of different races. some were able to develop and grow due to their opportunities afforded to them while the majority became trapped in a cycle of poverty.
what were the average: monthly earning ability, government spending on school and number of households requiring housing in 1984
(DON’T LEARN)
Black Coloured Asian White
earnings: R273 R624 R1072 R1834
school spending: R234 R569 R1088 R1654
households: 420 000 43 000 18 000 2 000
describe some of the conditions during the 1994 elections
DON’T LEARN
- 17 000 000 people living in poverty
- 40% black children born in rural areas and 20% black children born in cities didn’t live past 1 year old while 2.7% whites died before 1 year old
- all whites got electricity while 20% of blacks got electricity
- 12 000 000 people didn’t have running water
what were the effects of nearly 100 years of apartheid
under apartheid the majority of South Africans (black/non-whites) were prevented from developing to their full potential leaving many uneducated and living under the breadline.
meaning: empowerment
increasing the spiritual, political, social, educational, gender or economic strength of individuals and communities.
what does or constitution encourage and what does it does it do to make things favourable for the disadvantaged.
it encourages against discrimination of race, sex, religion, physical disability, language and sexual preferences. BUT in practice the state continues to categorise people on a base of race and sex in order to favour the “previously disadvantaged” as part of leveling the playing field and creating a more fair distribution of wealth, skills and resources
where was the Employment Equality Act previously used before 1994
- Hertzog formulated “protected labour law” 1924
- attempt to eliminated unemployment ‘poor whites’
- state instructed to employ whites before other races in all state departments : further increasing poverty among non-whites
what are SMME’s
Small, Micro and Medium sized Enterprises
