Economic developments after Lenins death

Question 1

Rate of collective farms by 1928

Answer 1

Less than 5% of the peasant population working them.

Question 2

Reasons for Great Turn

Answer 2

Weakness in industrial management, industrialisation not going fast enough, grain procurement crisis in winter of 1927/8 down by 25% previous years total, ideological motivations, Stalin’s attitude becoming more radical with less opposition.

Question 3

Great turn

Answer 3

Announced at 15th party congress December 1927 the end of the NEP and plans for FYP and rapid industrialisation.

Question 4

Aims of FYP

Answer 4

Heavy industry, boost overall production by 300%, electrification, transport especially railways, increase food production, light industry even expected to double.

Question 5

Industrial projects

Answer 5

Delegation sent to Ohio 1928 to copy American Steel, built city, also plans for new tractor factories in Stalingrad and Kharkiv.

Question 6

Urals-Siberia method

Answer 6

To deal with grain procurement crisis and before collectivisation, Stalin went across Siberia and Urals where grain down one third on previous year, closed markets and using law to stop ‘speculation’, much opposition from others like Bukharin.

Question 7

Bukharin’s fall

Answer 7

By summer of 1928 was being increasingly outvoted and in October lost majority in Moscow party, November Stalin strong enough to directly attack him for ‘right deviation’ and removed from Politburo 1929.

Question 8

Developments 1929

Answer 8

First Five Year plan launched, Bukharin removed November, Molotov issuing lots of central directives leading to enthusiastic support from officials in the localities, 25 000 workers sent to the countryside to speed up the collective farms, December smash the Kulaks speech.