Economic Development Flashcards
economic development
an increase in GNP per head of population, which is accompanied by a fundamental change in the structure of society
economic growth
an increase in GNP per head of population, without any changes to the structure of society
what contributes to a fundamental change in society
urbanisation political stability education move away from subsistence industry (agri to services) economic growth
LDCs
least developed countries
represent the poorest and weakest segment of the international community
characteristics of LDCs
famine high rate of population growth foreign debts unequal distribution of wealth poor living conditions low income per capita poor levels of education
what stops LDCs growth
extreme poverty
lack of infrastructure
susceptibility to economic shocks, natural and man made disasters and communicable diseases
lack of industrial base
how governments in developed countries can promote growth in LDCs
assist foreign aid programmes/capital provision restructure their national debts improve trading opportunities encourage MNCs to set up there assist with skills and technology
benefits of Irish Aid in developing countries
ending poverty/hunger gender equality coping with environmental/climate change better health systems HIV and AIDs programmes governance of human rights
methods to reduce inequality of incomes
equal pay for equal work
minimum wage
how conflicts could occur between NGOs and governments
-NGOs are often critical of govs
-desire for independence vs need to work with gov and gov policy objectives
rely on gov for funding, therefore susceptible to changing opinions to benefit their biggest donor
-political structure of the economy
more influential in democratic economies
-spending priorities of gov vs NGO
-lobbying by powerful interest groups
eg NGOs want to end deforestation, gov benefit from wood producing firms
