Economic and Agricultural reforms under Khrushchev

Question 1

What economic aims did Khrushchev set for the USSR?

Answer 1

1. shortest working day
2. surpass priduction in USA per head.
3. standard of living + less hard labour
4. improved cultrual and technical standards
5. productive+ profitabe state farms

Question 2

How did khrushchev actually impact economy?

Answer 2

1. Virgin lands
2. Abolition of MTS
3. Maize programme
4. 7 and 5 year programmes
5. Improvement of living + social conditions.

Question 3

What were the Virgin land campagins?

Answer 3

-encourage people to farm areas of Sibera + North Kazakhstan
-under cultivation to produce more food.

Question 4

How were the virgin land campaigns sucessful?

Answer 4

-food production increase for first 2 years
-156m acres gained access to.

Question 5

How were the virgin land campaigns unsucessful?

Answer 5

-poor weather and soil.
-no relevant infastructure
-diverted precious resources .

Question 6

What was the abolition of mts?

Answer 6

-1958- collective farms look after themsleves
-heavy equipment sold to Kolhozy.

Question 7

Was the abolition of MTS sucessful?

Answer 7

-collective farms could not afford machinary
-engineers didnt want to loose state employee status so left for farms.

Question 8

What was the maize programme?

Answer 8

-after visit to USA, declared Russia was going to sell maize.

Question 9

Was the maize plan sucessful?

Answer 9

-Maize grown for livestock rather than food for the people.
-Maize unsuitable for the USSR.

Question 10

What were the 5 and 7 year plans?

Answer 10

-focus away from heavy industry (reduced to 5 years) and toward consumer goods like plastic, chemicals.
-develop less developed areas like Siberia + East Russia

Question 11

What were the successes of the 5 and 7 year plans?

Answer 11

-disposable income raised by 4%
-Gross output production 16% more

Question 12

Production statistics of the 5 and 7 year plans?

Answer 12

-Steel from 40- 66
-oil- 113-243
-Machine tools 138- 185.

Question 13

What were the faiiures of the 5 and 7 year plans?

Answer 13

-only 0.8% owned a tv- still behind the west.

Question 14

What did Khrushchev do in terms of collective farms?

Answer 14

-cut taxes from colective farms and goods produced from private plots increased slightly
-coverted many Kolkhozy into Sovkhozy- peasants now had benefits of state employees.