Economic Flashcards
Brown V … Board …
when
President
what did it rule unconstitutional
why was its impact limited
Brown v Tapeka Board of Education
1954
Eisenhower
Segregated education was unconstitutional
Ended legal basis for segregation
Limited- state govts resisted
In Texas local police prevented deseg on schools
Arkansas LR9
Little Rock 9
when
President
where
what happened
governer name
pres response
effect
1957
Eisenhower
Arkansas-high school of little rock
govener prev 9 AA using national guard
Faubus
put national guard under federal control and imposed intergration using armed forces
international attention to crm
set example: ernest green first AA to grad from all white US high school
Black codes
when
by who
prevented what
gave states right to what
enacted in 1865 and 1866 by southern states
prevented AA from competing with whites for work
gave states the right to return vagrants and unemployed former slaves to forced labour
CCC
founded when
President
part of what
what did it do
demanded by who
Civilian conservation corps
1933
Roosevelt
New deal
provide work for unemployed people with no discrimination
Oscar de Priest
Freedmens bureau
When
Branch
President
What
1865- 1872
Congress
Andrew Johnson
provide food, shelter, clothes, medical services and land to displaced southerns inc freed AA
Education: over 1k Black schools built, 400k spent on teacher-training institutions
Military Exec order 1
When
Who
What
But reason
But people
1940
Roosevelt
against discrimination in the military
Not to extend cr, pressure of 100k MoW
1.15 mill AA in Us armed forces ‘41-‘45 who fought in segregated units
Military exec order 2
President
What
When
Truman
1948
Against segregation in military
Griggs v Duke Power Company
when
what
1971
Protected AA from implicit discrimination by firms who insisted on high-school diploma qualifications but were capable of doing the work
Swann v Charlotte
when
what
implications
who involved
1971
SC approved plans for enforced deseg by busing children from white surburbs into inner city areas with more black children
While the Swann case dealt with schools in the city of Charlotte and Mecklenburg county, North Carolina, the ruling had far-reaching implications because it allowed the practice to continue in multiple cities across the United States.
NAACP involved
Milken v Bradley
when
what
1974
stopped bussing
mandatory busing across school district boundaries could be implemented only where it could be shown that districts had enacted policies that caused the original segregation.
Nixon exec order
when
what
1969
required all employers with federal contracts to draft affirm action policies to actively promote AA
Affirm Action
pres
when
concept
how
example
nixon
when 1869- 1981 (Reagan press)
to make allowances for the lack of opportunity for AAs
form of positive action and quotas for education and employment
by 1970: 2 mill southern black children in new fully integrated school districts
only 18% of S. black children attending all black schools
decrease of 70% by Nixon
Reagan Affrim action
proposed cutting back programmes to support affirmative action and appointed a head of civil rights division who opposed affirmative action.
Organisations improving economic situation
NAACP: achieved 1954 Brown v. Board + helped organize 1955 bus boycott w/ Rosa Parks
SCLC: Poor People’s Campaign 1968 - plans made but not able to be put in place due to King’s assassination
Organisations not improving economic situation
Swann V Charlotte: NAACP
SCLC: Poor People’s Campaign 1968 - plans made but not able to be put in place due to King’s assassination
Once MLK died SCLC fizzled out = shows his individual importance depended on success
