Ecology: Stewardship

Question 1

ecological sucession

Answer 1

process of how organisms change over time

Question 2

primary sucessions

Answer 2

after a massive disturbance, succession is happening for the first time in a brand new area with no soil

Question 3

pioneer species

Answer 3

the first species to inhabit the land (lichens)

Question 4

secondary succession

Answer 4

when an area is faced with a minor disturbance, and grows back again bc the soil is still there

Question 5

forestry

Answer 5

promotes management, conservation, and utilization of forest resources

Question 6

selective cutting

Answer 6

only cutting certain trees for certain purposes, while minimizing damage and disturbances

Question 7

shelterwood cut

Answer 7

only removing trees in 2+ cuts over a 10-30 year period

Question 8

clear cutting

Answer 8

removal of all/most of the trees in that area

Question 9

soil

Answer 9

misxutre of
- minerals
- water
- dissolved nutrients
- air spaces
- decomposing organic matter
- microorganisms

Question 10

why does soil need airspaces?

Answer 10

• acess for water and neutrients to the roots
• rid of co2
• room for plants + roots to grow

Question 11

benifits of alernative farming pratices

Answer 11

• sustainable agricutlure
• reduce reliance of fertilizaer
• reduces reliances of perticides

Question 12

alernative farming pratices

Answer 12

• no till agriculture
• crop rotation
• choosing crops better suited for local conditions

Question 13

no tillage agriculture

Answer 13

they don’t plough
- reduce erosion
- helps retain soil nutriants
- reduces soil compaction
- reduces moisture loss
- improves soil quality

Question 14

crop rotation

Answer 14

farmers plant different crops over a 3y time period
- soybeans promote nitrogen fixation
- corn is a high nutriant demanding crop
- wheat

Question 15

choosing crops better suited for local conditions

Answer 15

choose to plant crops that suit teh weather in your are OVER crops that will give you a higher profit

Question 16

pesticide

Answer 16

a chemical that kills off pests

Question 17

types of pesticides

Answer 17

broadd spectrum pesticide
- kills many diff organisms
narrow spectrum persticide
- kills only specific pests

Question 18

examplse of pesticides

Answer 18

sulfur
arsenic
mercury chloride
brodeux mixture - copper 2 sulfate
ddt

Question 19

problems w pesticides

Answer 19

pollution by pesticide drift
killing non target species
health effects on humans
consequcnes may be unforseen
the bio’s
pesticide residue
pesticide resistance

Question 20

pollution (porblems w pesticides)

Answer 20

little droplets can fly away and contaminate smthn else
pesticides may not reach theri target
watre soluble
some dont break down

Question 21

bioaccumilation

Answer 21

fat solluble substances enter into organisms and are desposited in fatty tissues

Question 22

bioamplification

Answer 22

whan organisms feed on another organism, the fat soluble pollutants are now in te organism

Question 23

invasive species

Answer 23

non-native species that destroy/harm the natural enviornment. (dont have a natural prediotr)

Question 24

ecological impacts of invasive species

Answer 24

compete and feed off of natural species
tamper w natural cylces/ecological flows

Question 25

economic impacts of invasive secies

Answer 25

damaged crops may result in finance problems competition lowers crop yeilds spreading of deises can destroy livestock, crops, kills trees, and harms important species

Question 26

tourism impacts of invasive species

Answer 26

loss in speices can reduce tourism contaminated waters dont help boats

Question 27

health impacts of invasive species

Answer 27

viruses pestiside useage

Question 28

controlling invasive species

Answer 28

chemicalls - pesticides mechanical - barriers, burning, hunting, traping biological - natural predators

Question 29

actual pollution

Answer 29

harmful contamination released into teh enviornment