Ecology Easier Flashcards
What’s the nonliving part of the environment including water, rocks, light, nutrients, soil, and temperature.
Abiotic (factors).
What’s the AVERAGE weather conditions for an environment (usually on a yearly or monthly basis).
Climate
What is The DAILY environmental conditions. These can change from day to day or even from hour to hour.
Weather
What are the Living factors of an environment, such as bacteria, protists, fungi, plants, and animals.
Biotic (factors)
Relating to a living organism, a living entity.
Organic
What is A living thing ; anything that can carry out life processes independently.
An Organism
What’s A group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical areas.
Population
What’s A group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring.
Species
What’re All of the populations of species that live in the same habitat and interact with each other.
Community
What’s A community of organisms and their abiotic environment.
Ecosystem
What’s The part of earth where life exists.
Biosphere
What’s the Study of the geographic distribution on plants and animals.
Biogeography
What’re Species that evolved in the defined area.
Native (Ingenious) species
What’re Species from another area living in a foreign environment.
Invasive (Transplant) species
Zebra Mussels and Fire Ants.
Are accidental transplants.
Kudzu
A purposeful transplant.
What’s a large region characterized by a specific type of climate and certain types of plant and animal communities.
Biomes
Sun, wind, and rain (patterns).
Are climate patterns.
Oceans, mountains, ponds, and lakes.
Are local effects.
What local effects act as heat banks. (coastal/island areas generally warmer than interior areas) The water absorbs the sunlight’s energy (so we don’t fry) during the day and releases the energy at night to keep the dark side of the planet warm?
What are oceans.
What local effects create a rain shadow effect which creates deserts on the backside. As the winds come off the water, they are heavy with moisture. When those winds run into mountains, the air is forced upward resulting in the moisture getting cooler and condensing resulting in lots of rain on the front side of the mountain. With no moisture left as the winds reach the backside or “shadow side” of the mountain, you get deserts typically. (Look at California and Nevada.)?
Mountains create this local effect.
Wind increases with what?
Altitude.
Animals tend to be furrier and plants seem to be smaller…….
In high altitudes (which happens to be windy).
Temperatures on average drop how many degrees Celsius for each how many meters up altitude.
6 degrees Celsius and 1000 meters up.
What is the stratification of temperatures which create layers of differing temperatures within a body of water which leads to thermoclines and turnover of nutrients and O2. This is ultimately due to seasonal changes in temperature.Warmer water rises and colder water sinks. Ice on the surfaces helps prevent this in winter so that the whole body of water does not freeze and thereby kill all life forms in the body of water an example of?
Ponds and lakes acting as local effects.
What are temperature gradients (layers) that occur within a body of
water as water heats or cools?
Thermoclines
What are small ecosystems/environments, such as under a log or your backyard?
Microclimates
What’s the abiotic and biotic factors that act upon organisms and ultimately determine its form and survival.
Environment
What’s study of the interactions in living organisms with one another and their environment.
Ecology
What biomes are initially responsible for rainfall and global temperature regulation by absorbing solar energy?
Aquatic biomes.
Roughly 75% of the Earth’s surface is covered by what?
Aquatic biomes
Name all the zones that are part of the marine system.
Photic Zone Aphotic Zone Benthic Zone Intertidal Zone Coral Reef (optional).
What is the bottom on the ocean called?
Benthic Zone
What is the lower region with no light penetration called?
Aphotic zone.
What is the upper region with light penetration.
A Photic Zone
What is the deepest part of the benthic zone; deep sea trenches mostly called?
The abyss
What’s the harsh environment due to the constant waves; rich in biodiversity; light is present for photosynthesis called?
Intertidal Zone
What is the very rich in biodiversity; endangered (now protected); found in warm water climates called?
The coral reef
What are 2 regions in fresh water, such as lakes, and ponds?
Littoral Zone
Benthic zone
What’s shallow water; light that’s present for photosynthesis called?
Littoral Zone
What’s the bottom area; that may or may not receive sunlight called?
Benthic Zone
Name 4 streams and rivers.
Headwaters
Midstream
Estuary
Wetlands
_________ are generally located in the mountains.
Headwaters- These are generally located in the mountains.
__________ are located between the mountains and the coast.
Midstream- These are located between the mountains and the coast.
This is where fresh water meets salt water; very rich in biodiversity.
Estuary
Which biome helps with oxygen production and carbon dioxide consumption due to phytoplankton performing photosynthesis?
Aquatic biome
Which biome helps with oxygen production and carbon dioxide consumption due to phytoplankton performing photosynthesis?
The Aquatic biome
These are lands possessing water and above water plants; they are very rich in biodiversity.
Wetlands
