Ecology

Question 1

Predation

Answer 1

Relationship in which members of one species consume members of another species

Question 2

Symbosis

Answer 2

Close relationship between organisms of different species in which at least one of the organisms benefits

Question 3

Competition

Answer 3

Relationship between living things that depends on the same resources in the same place and at the same time

Question 4

Competitive exclusion principle

Answer 4

Principle of ecology stating that two different species cannot occupy the same space for very long

Question 5

Biome

Answer 5

Group of similar ecosystems with the same general type of physical environment

Question 6

ecosystem

Answer 6

All living things in a given area together with the physical factors of the nonliving environment

Question 7

Community

Answer 7

All of the population of different species that live in the same area

Question 8

Niche

Answer 8

Role of a species in its ecosystem (including interactions with biotic and abiotic factors)

Question 9

Biotic factors

Answer 9

Living aspects of an environment

Question 10

Abiotic

Answer 10

Nonliving aspects of an environment

Question 11

Herbivore

Answer 11

Consumer that eats producers

Question 12

Carnivore

Answer 12

Consumer that eats animals

Question 13

Omnivore

Answer 13

Consumer that eats plants and animals

Question 14

Decomposer

Answer 14

Organism that breaks down the remains of dead organisms and other organic wastes

Question 15

Detritovores

Answer 15

Decomposers that consume dead plants, leaves, and animals

Question 16

Producers

Answer 16

Organism that produces food for itself and other organisms

Question 17

Consumer

Answer 17

Organism that consumes other organisms for food

Question 18

Primary consumer

Answer 18

Organism that eats producers

Question 19

Keystone species

Answer 19

A species that plays an especially important role in its community - major changes in its numbers affect the populations of many other species

Question 20

Three biogeochemical cycles

Answer 20

Water
Carbon
Nitrogen

Question 21

What scientific law do the cycles represent

Answer 21

Transpiration - process in which plants give off water vapor from stomata in their leaves

Question 22

Three types of symbiotic relationships

Answer 22

Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism

Question 23

Commensalism

Answer 23

One organism benefits and the other is not affected - Barnacle and grey whale

Question 24

Mutualism

Answer 24

Both organism benefit - flowers and bees

Question 25

Parasitism

Answer 25

One organism benefits and the other is harmed - fleas on a dog or tape worms in human

Question 26

What are the two types of competition

Answer 26

Intraspecific and interspecific

Question 27

Intraspecific

Answer 27

SAME species competition - squirrel and nuts during hibernation

Question 28

Interspecific

Answer 28

DIFFERENT species competition - lions and tigers with prey

Question 29

Specialization

Answer 29

When animals adapt so they are no longer competing

Question 30

Primary succession

Answer 30

Occurs in an area that has not been colonized before and pioneer species

Question 31

Secondary succession

Answer 31

Occurs in an area that has been disturbed by something like a fire or flood

Question 32

Climax communities

Answer 32

A stable, finished community - many believe this does not exist

Question 33

Scavengers

Answer 33

Consume soft tissue of dead animals - vultures

Question 34

Saprotrophs

Answer 34

Eats anything that is left - fungi and protoza

Question 35

Food chain

Answer 35

Shows a single pathway of energy and matter through an ecosystem (several food chains together)

Question 36

Food web

Answer 36

Shows multiple pathways through an ecosystem (several food chains together)

Question 37

Trophic levels

Answer 37

The feeding positions in a food chain or web