Ecology

Question 1

Uniqueness to angiosperms?

Answer 1

Is double fertilization of the egg nucleus and of the central nucleus. One sperm nucleus fertilizes the egg; we from a 2N zygote. Now, the other sperm nucleus fertilizes the two haploid central nuclei forming a 3N endosperm nucleus, which is a nutritive tissue. The endosperm will provide nutrients to developing embryo.

Question 2

Analogous structures?

Answer 2

Evolved independently and are built from different structures. Insect wings and those of birds are good examples.
Analogous structure share no common ancestor but perform similar functions.

Question 3

Coordinated behavioral response is known as?

Answer 3

Fixed-action pattern

Question 4

What does Darwinian fitness refers to?

Answer 4

To the contribution that an individual will make to the gene pool of the next generation. The greater the number of fertile offspring, the more likely darwinian fitness can be measured.

Question 5

Tundra?

Answer 5

Taiga -> Cold -> Polar Bears

Question 6

Chaparral

Answer 6

Dominated by dense, spiny shrubs

Question 7

Gibberellins?

Answer 7

Are plant hormones that may induce certain plants to flower as well as allow stem elongation.

Question 8

Ethylene?

Answer 8

Stimulates fruit ripening

Question 9

Abscisic acid?

Answer 9

Is an inhibitor of plant growth hormones

Question 10

Cytokinins?

Answer 10

Plant hormones involved in cell division.

Question 11

Blue-Green algae are from which Kingdom?

Answer 11

Kingdom Monera. Also called cyanobacteria.

Question 12

In lichen

Answer 12

A cyano provides organic nutrients for the fungus, thus they live symbiotically (the fungus offers protection together.

Question 13

Multiple DNA copies can be made by?

Answer 13

The PCR technique

Question 14

The most accurate way to work out molecular structures is by

Answer 14

X-Ray diffraction.

Question 15

Commensalism?

Answer 15

One organism benefits while the other is unharmed

Question 16

Two types of cell in Xylem and what it does?

Answer 16

Tracheids and vessel members. Xylem conducts water and dissolved mineral absorbed from the soil, and supports the plant. Deposits to make up annual growth rings.

Question 17

Phloem?

Answer 17

Another vascular tissue consisting of sieve tubes through which sugars and other solutes are conducted

Question 18

Nitrogen Fixation occurs in which structure of the plant?

Answer 18

The root nodule. As Plants require N2 for growth, they need the help of the legume family(peas, peanuts, soybeans).Inside the bacteria converts N2 into NH3.

Question 19

Stigma? And Pistil?

Answer 19

The female, “big stick” of the flower

Question 20

Stamen and Anther?

Answer 20

The male part of the flower, lots of them

Question 21

If a single ancestral species was to evolve into a variety of forms, this would be an example for…

Answer 21

Adaptive Radiation! Koala and Kangaroo~ exemplifies a divergent evolution.

Question 22

Assumptions for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?

Answer 22

1. No Isolation
2. No net migration
3. No Natural Selection
4. No mutation
5. Large population
6. Random mating
   -There should be no change in the gene pool of a population!
   This law shows us how a genotype and phenotype stability can be achieved in a population. It examines population gene pools, not genotypes of individuals.

Question 23

What did Darwin never do.

Answer 23

He never suggested that variation in traits are due to mutation. He was too old for that! Or dead. He lacked the understanding of genetics.

Question 24

In Canis Lupus,

Answer 24

Canis is the genus; lupus is the species. THis is a gray wolf.

Question 25

Early earth had reducing atmosphere of

Answer 25

NH3, H2S and CH4