Ecology

Question 1

Environment

Answer 1

Everything that surrounds an animal or plant. (for example air, water, rocks and soil)

Question 2

Habitat

Answer 2

The place where an animal or plant lives.

Question 3

Interdependence

Answer 3

How organisms depend on each other for survival. E.g buttercups depend on bees and bees depend on butter cups.

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

All the plants and animals in an area interacting with each other and their environment. E.g. desert, tropical rainforest, grasslands, seashore.

Question 5

Producer

Answer 5

Plants that make their own food e.g. grass, dandelion, nettles

Question 6

Consumer

Answer 6

Animals that get their food by eating plants or other animals

Question 7

Herbivore

Answer 7

An animal that eats plants only e.g. rabbit, sheep, slug, snail.

Question 8

Carnivore

Answer 8

An animal that eats other animals only e.g. fox, hawk, ladybirds

Question 9

Omnivore

Answer 9

An animal that eats both animals and plants e.g. badger, thrush, blackbird and humans.

Question 10

Decomposer

Answer 10

Organisms that feed on dead plants and animals e.g. earthworms, bacteria, fungi

Question 11

Energy

Answer 11

The energy in any food chain comes from the sun. The amount of energy gets less and less as you go along the food chain.

Question 12

Food web

Answer 12

Two or more interconnected food chains

Question 13

Competition

Answer 13

Occurs when two or more organisms seek a resource that is limited

Question 14

Plants compete for..

Answer 14

Light, water, minerals and space

Question 15

Animals compete for…

Answer 15

Food, shelter, territory and mates

Question 16

Adaptations

Answer 16

Features that give a organism a better chance of surviving in their habitat

Question 17

Hedgehogs adaptations

Answer 17

Excellent sense of smell to make them good at finding food, spikes to find off predators, colour which makes them camouflaged so predators can’t find them easily.

Question 18

Ecology

Answer 18

The study of plants, animals and their environment, and the relationship between them.

Question 19

Conservation

Answer 19

The protection, preservation and careful use of our natural resources

Question 20

Pollution

Answer 20

The adding of unwanted wastes to the environment causing damage to it

Question 21

The balance of nature can be damaged

Answer 21

If one organism is damaged it can be harmful to many other plants and animals

Question 22

Air pollution

Answer 22

Caused by smoke , dust and harmful gases - most of these come from cars, buses, factories and power stations

Question 23

Acid rain

Answer 23

When fossil fuels are burned they produce gases called carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, these dissolve in rainwater to form carbonic acid and sulfuric acid. This acid rain damages plants and buildings

Question 24

Soil pollution

Answer 24

Caused by pesticides, artificial fertilisers and acid rain. Chemicals sink into the soil and can be absorbed by plants, get passed up the food chain and can cause illness.

Question 25

Water pollution

Answer 25

Rivers, lakes, seas are all polluted by fertilisers sewage, oil and detergents, they cause too much plant growth, bacteria polulations boom as they feed on dead plants and no oxygen

Question 26

Incineration

Answer 26

Burning the waste, this can release dangerous gases into the atmosphere, difficulties with location nobody wants to live near an incinerator

Question 27

Landfill

Answer 27

Burying the waste in the ground - damages soils, rive s and ground water, attracts rodents, disease causing, bad smell, difficulties as no one wants to live near it

Question 28

3 R’s

Answer 28

Reduce, reuse, recycle