Ecology

Question 1

Environment

Answer 1

Everything that surrounds an animal or plant ( for example air , water , rocks and soil )

Question 2

Habitat

Answer 2

The place where a plant or animal lives

Question 3

Interdependence

Answer 3

Is how organism depend on each other for their survival

E.g buttercups depend on bees , bees need buttercups

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

All the plants and animals interacting with each other and their environment e.g dessert , tropical rainforest , grasslands , seashore

Question 5

Producer

Answer 5

Plants that make their own food e.g grass , dandelion , nettles

Question 6

Consumer

Answer 6

Animals that get their food by eating plants or other animals e.g herbivore and carnivore

Question 7

Herbivore

Answer 7

An animal that eats plants only e.g rabbit , sheep ,slug , snail .

Question 8

Carnivore

Answer 8

An animal that eats other animals only e.g fox , hawk , ladybird .

Question 9

Omnivore

Answer 9

An animal that eats both plants and animals e.g badger , thrush , blackbird , humans .

Question 10

Decomposer

Answer 10

Organisms that feed on dead plants and animals e.g earthworms , bacteria , fungi .

Question 11

Ecology

Answer 11

The study of plants , animals and their environment , and the relationship between them

Question 12

Energy

Answer 12

The energy in any food chain comes from the sun. The amount of energy gets less and less as you go along a food chain

Question 13

A food web

Answer 13

A food web is two or more interconnected food chains

Question 14

Competition

Answer 14

Occurs when two or more organisms seek a resource that is limeted

Question 15

Plants

Answer 15

Compete for light , water , minerals and space

Question 16

Animals

Answer 16

Compete for food , shelter , territory and mates

Question 17

Adaptations

Answer 17

Are features that give an organism a better chance of surviving in their habitat

Question 18

Dandelion adaptations

Answer 18

Long roots to get water

Compete for space because they are able to spread their seed in the wind

Question 19

Hedgehog adaptations

Answer 19

Excellent sense of smell to make them good at finding food
Spikes to fight off predators
Colour which makes them camouflaged so oredators cant find them easily

Question 20

Conservation

Answer 20

Is the protection , preservation and careful use of our natural resources

Question 21

Pollution

Answer 21

Is adding unwanted wastes to the enviroment causing damage to it

If one organism is damaged it can be harmful to many other plants and animals : the balance of nature can be damaged

Question 22

Air pollution

Answer 22

Caused by smoke , dust and harmful gases - most of these come from cars , buses , factories and power stations

Question 23

Acid rain

Answer 23

When fossil fuels are burned they produce gases called carbon dioxide and sulfer dioxide. These dissolve in rainwater to form carbonic acid and sulfuric acid . This acid rain damages plants and buildings

Question 24

Soil pollution

Answer 24

Caused by pesticides , artificial fertilisers and acid rain. Chemicals sink into the soil and can be absorbed by plants , get passed up the food chain and can cause illness . The chemicals can also seep into rivers and cause pollution there .

Question 25

Water pollution

Answer 25

Rivers , lakes and seas are polluted by fertilisers , sewage , oil and detergents , they cause too much plant growth , bacteria populations boom as they feed on dead plants and no oxygen left for fish

Question 26

Incineration

Answer 26

Burning the waste , this can release dangerous gases into the atmosphere , difficulties with location nobody wants to live near an incinerator

Question 27

Landfill

Answer 27

Burying the waste in the ground - damages soil , rivers and ground water , attracts rodents , disease causing , bad smell , difficulties as nobody want to live near a landfill site

Question 28

3 r’s

Answer 28

Reduce , reuse , recycle