Ecology

Question 1

Environment

Answer 1

The environment is everything that surrounds an animal or plant (for example air, water, rocks and soil

Question 2

Habitat

Answer 2

The habitat is the place where a plant or animal lives

Question 3

Interdependence

Answer 3

Interdependence is how organisms depend on each other for their survival e.g. Buttercups depend on bees, bees need buttercups

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

All the plants and animals in an area interacting with each other and their environment e.g. Desert, grasslands, tropical rainforest and seashore

Question 5

Producer

Answer 5

Plants that make their own food e.g. grass, dandelion and nettles

Question 6

Consumer

Answer 6

Animals that get their food by eating plants or other animals e.g. fox, hawk and ladybird

Question 7

Herbivore

Answer 7

An animal that eats plants only e.g. rabbit, sheep, slug and snail

Question 8

Carnivoren

Answer 8

An animal that eats other animals only e.g. fox, hawk and ladybird

Question 9

Omnivore

Answer 9

An an animal that eats both plants and animals e.g. badger, thrush, blackbird and humans

Question 10

Decomposer

Answer 10

Organisms that feed on dead plants and animals e.g. earthworms, bacteria and fungi

Question 11

Ecology

Answer 11

Ecology is the study of plants,animals,and their environment, and the realation ship between them

Question 12

Energy

Answer 12

The energy in any food chain comes from the Sun. The amount of energy gets less and less as you go along the food chain.

Question 13

Food web

Answer 13

A food web is two or more interconnected food chains

Question 14

Competition

Answer 14

Occurs when two or more organisms seek a resource that is limited

Question 15

Plants compete

Answer 15

Plants compete for light, water, minerals, and space

Question 16

Animals compete

Answer 16

Animals compete for food, shelter, territory and mates

Question 17

Adaptation

Answer 17

Adaptations are features that give an organism a better chance of surviving in their habitat

Question 18

Dandelion adaptation

Answer 18

Long roots to get water and compete for space because they are able to spread their seeds in the wind

Question 19

Hedgehogs adaptations

Answer 19

Excellent sense of smell to make them good at finding food and spikes to fight off predators

Question 20

Conservation

Answer 20

Conservation is the protection, preservation and carful use of our natural resources

Question 21

Pollution

Answer 21

Pollution is adding unwanted wastes to the environment causing damage to it. If one organism is damaged it can be harmful to many other plants and animals : the balance of nature can be damaged

Question 22

Air pollution

Answer 22

Caused by smoke, dust and harmful gases - most of these come from cars, buses, factories and power stations

Question 23

Acid rain

Answer 23

When fossil fuels are burned they produce gases called carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. These dissolve in rainwater to form carbonic acid and sulfuric acid. This acid rain damages plants and buildings.

Question 24

Soil pollution

Answer 24

Caused by Pesticides, artificial fertilisers and acid rain. Chemicals sink into the soil and can be absorbed by plants, get passed up the food chain and can cause illness

Question 25

Water pollution

Answer 25

Rivers, lakes and seas are polluted by fertilisers, sewage, oil and detergents, they cause to much plant growth, bacteria populations boom as they feed on dead plants and no oxygen is left for fish

Question 26

Incineration

Answer 26

Burning the waste, this can release dangerous gases into the atmosphere, difficulties with location nobody wants to live near an incinerator

Question 27

Landfill

Answer 27

Burying the waste in ground damages soil, rivers and ground water, attracts rodents, disease causing, bad smell, difficulties as nobody wants to live near landfill sites

Question 28

3R’s

Answer 28

Reduce, reuse and recycle