Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

The position of a species within an ecosystem

A

Niche

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2
Q

Capture energy from the sun or from chemicals and store it in the bonds of sugars making energy available to the rest of the community.

A

Primary Producers

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3
Q

Process by which primary producers use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars releasing oxygen along the way

A

Photosynthesis/Chemosynthesis

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4
Q

Process by which organisms use oxygen to release the chemical energy from sugars such as glucose, releasing carbon dioxide and water as a byproduct.

A

Cellular Respiration

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5
Q

Organism that consumes producers

A

Herbivores

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6
Q

Organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and nutrients are called heterotrophs or…

A

Consumers

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7
Q

secondary and tertiary consumers kill and eat other animals

A

Carnivores

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8
Q

Animals that eat both plant and animal food

A

Omnivores

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9
Q

Consume detritus nonliving organic matter

A

Detritivores

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10
Q

Break down nonliving matter into simpler parts that can be taken up and reused by primary producers

A

Decomposers

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11
Q

is it’s rank in a feeding hierarchy

A

trophic level (Pyramid of energy)

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12
Q

The total amount of living tissue a trophic level contains

A

Biomass

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13
Q

Linear series of feeding relationship

A

Food chain

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14
Q

Visual map of feeding relationship and energy flow

A

Food web

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15
Q

A species that has strong or wide-reaching impact on a community

A

Keyston species

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16
Q

When a comunity experiences a somewhat predictable series of changes over time

17
Q

when a disturbance is so severe that no vegetation or soil life remains

A

Primary succession

18
Q

species that colonize the newly exposed land

A

Pioneer species

19
Q

Begins with a disturbance, the soil from the previous ecosystem remains

A

secondary succession

20
Q

A stable community that completes the succession process

A

Climax Comunities

21
Q

Nonnative organism that spreads widely in a community

A

Invasive species

22
Q

Describes the average conditions including temperature and precipitation over long periods in a given area

23
Q

day to day conditions in earth’s atmosphere like sunny and humid or cold and snowy

24
Q

climate diagrams to describe the conditions in a biome

A

Climatographs

25
Group of ecosystems that share similar abiotic and biotic conditions
Biome
26
Is the organic matter or biomass that remains after cellular respiration
Net primary production
27
When animals slow their activity for the hot, dry summer months
Estivation
28
sleeplike state that an animal enters for most of the winter
Hibernation
29
froze surface soils
Permafrost
30
When trees lose their leaves and stop photosynthesis during part of the year
Deciduous
31
Describes the number of individual organisms present in a given population at a given time
Population Size
32
Describes the number of individuals within a population per unit area
Population Density
33
Describes how organisms are arranged within an area (random, uniform, clumped)
Population Distribution/ Dispersion
34
Describes the relative number of organisms of each age within a population
Age Structure
35
Proportion of males to females
Sex ratio