Biología fin termino

Question 1

What is classification

Answer 1

Is the grouping of organism based on a set of criteria

Question 2

What is taxonomy

Answer 2

Is a discipline of biology concerned with identifying, naming species based on natural relationships

Question 3

Taxonomic categories

Answer 3

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 4

What is Binomial nomenclature

Answer 4

It gives each species a scientific name, first part is the genus, and the second part is the specific epithet

Question 5

What Did Aristotle for classification

Answer 5

Developed the first widely accepted biological classification system.

Question 6

What did Linnaeus for classification

Answer 6

used a morphology and behavior to classify plants and animals

Question 7

Binomial nomenclature uses…

Answer 7

uses the latin genus and specis to give an organismis a scientific name

Question 8

what is a domain

Answer 8

Domain is the broadest of all the taxa and contains on or more kingdoms.

Question 9

what is kingdom

Answer 9

kingdom is the taxon composed of related phyla or divisions.

Question 10

what is a phylum

Answer 10

contains related classes

Question 11

what is a class

Answer 11

contains related orders

Question 12

what is a order

Answer 12

contains related familys

Question 13

what is a family

Answer 13

is the next taxon, consisting of similar, related genera.

Question 14

what is a genus

Answer 14

is defines as a group of species that are closely related and share a common ancestor.

Question 15

binomial rules

Answer 15

1. genus name first letter always capitalized
2. printed book name written in italics
3. written by hand both names underlined
4. the genus name when finished written all completely the first name is abbreviated.

Question 16

what is a phylogeny

Answer 16

is the evolutionary history of a species

Question 17

what is typological species concept

Answer 17

classification is determined by the comparison of physical characteristics with a type specimen.

Question 18

what is biological species conept

Answer 18

classification is determined by similar characterisitcs and the ability to interbreed and produces fertile offspring

Question 19

what is phylogenetic species concept

Answer 19

classification is determined by evolutionary history

Question 20

What is a molecular clock

Answer 20

is a model that is used to compare DNA sequences from two different speciers

Question 21

Cladistics

Answer 21

It is a method that classifies organisms according to the order that they diverged from a common ancestor

Question 22

Cladogram

Answer 22

Is a branching diagram that represents the propose philogeny or evolutionary history of a species or a group

Question 23

The tree of life

Answer 23

Has 3 domains (Eubacteria and Archaea, which re Prokaryotic) and 4 eukaryotic kingdoms (Animalia, plantae, fungi, and Protista)

Question 24

Does the definition of species have changed?

Answer 24

YES

Question 25

What is phylogeny??

Answer 25

Is the inferred evolutionary history of a species evidence of which comes from a variety of studies

Question 26

what does a molecular clock use?

Answer 26

It uses DNA sequences to estimate phylogeny and rate of evolutionary change.

Question 27

what does cladistics analyze

Answer 27

evolutionary relationships based on sequencing derived characters

Question 28

unicellular prokaryotes found to be significantly different from the other known prokaryotes then known the bacteria and in 1990 they received in a new classification scheme with their own domain

Answer 28

ARCHEA

Question 29

Their cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan, and they have some of the same proteins that eukaryotes do. They are diverse in shape and nutrition requirements but most are heterotrophic

Answer 29

archea

Question 30

organisms with cells that have a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane bound organelles.

Answer 30

eukarya

Question 31

eukaryotic organisms that can be unicellular, colonial or multicellular. unlike plants and animals, they do not have organs

Answer 31

protista

Question 32

a unicellular or multicellular eukaryote heterotrophic, lacks motility and have cell walls that contain a substance called chitin to provide them with structural support

Answer 32

fungi

Question 33

What is bacteria

Answer 33

bacteria are the most studied organisms and are found almost everywhere exept on extreme environments where mostly archae are found

Question 34

what is archaea??

Answer 34

In extreme enviroments that are hostile to most other forms of life archaea predominate

Question 35

Difference between archaea and bacteria

Answer 35

Bacteria cellwalls contain peptidoglycan but archae do not difference lipids in their plasma membranes and diffrent ribosoman proteins and RNA

Question 36

Prokaryotic structure

Answer 36

Chromososmes,nucleoid, capsule, pili, size

Question 37

Chromosomes (bacteria)

Answer 37

their genes are found on a large circular are in the cell called the nucleoid.

Question 38

Capsule (Bacteria)

Answer 38

the capsule has several important functions including preventing the cell from drying put and helping the cell to attach to surfaces in its environment.

Question 39

Pili (Bacteria)

Answer 39

A sub microscopic hairlike structures that are made of protein they help bacteria cells to attachb to surfaces

Question 40

Size (Bacteria)

Answer 40

Prokaryotes are small.

Question 41

Prokaryotic characteristics

Answer 41

Shape cell walls movement

Question 42

Shape (prokaryotic)

Answer 42

spherical or round prokaryotic are called cocci Rod-shape Porkariots are called vacilli and spiral cell prokaryotes are called spirilla

Question 43

Cell walls (prokaryotic)

Answer 43

all bacteria cell have peptidoglycan in their cell walls

Question 44

Movement (prokaryotic)

Answer 44

all though some prokaryotes are stationary others use flagella for movement.