Ecology Flashcards

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1
Q

Abiotic Factor

A

a non-living thing in the environment (wind, sunlight, water)

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2
Q

Biotic Factor

A

a living thing in the environment (tree, bird, bacteria)

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3
Q

Secondary Succession

A

when an ecosystem is destroyed by a natural disaster but the soil remains in tact

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4
Q

Greenhouse Effect

A

a layer of gases surround the Earth that allows life occur on Earth

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5
Q

Parasitism

A

a relationship in which one organism benefits (parasite) and the other is harmed (host)

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6
Q

Density Dependent Factor

A

factors that affect large populations (crowding, competition, predation, disease)

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7
Q

Carbon Cycle

A

the movement of carbon through the ecosystem

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8
Q

Invasive Species

A

an organism that is not native to an ecosystem and does not have any native predators (usually bad for the ecosystem)

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9
Q

Commensalism

A

a relationship where one organism benefits but the other is not affected

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10
Q

Density Independent Factor

A

factors that affect the population regardless of the population size (natural disaster, temperature change)

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11
Q

Primary Succession

A

when rock is converted into sediment over a long period of time to create an ecosystem

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12
Q

Mutualism

A

a relationship between organisms in which they both benefit from the relationship

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13
Q

Ecology

A

the study of relationships between organisms

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14
Q

A population of foxes live in the woods. Their population is reaching the carrying capacity of the ecosystem. What type of limiting factor affects large populations?

A

density dependent

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15
Q

A symbiotic relationship means

A

one or both parties benefit

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16
Q

Which of the following is most likely a climax community?

A

forest land that has just been cleared out

17
Q

If human civilization had never started burning fossil fuels, would there be a greenhouse effect?

A

Yes, the greenhouse effect is caused by naturally occurring gases

18
Q

A small farming community in Texas covers 14 square kilometers. There are 420 individuals who live within the town limits. What is the population density of individuals in this community?

A

30

19
Q

An ecosystem has a stable population of white tailed deer. What is the most likely outcome if a new species of deer that competed for the same resources were introduced?

A

the producer population would decrease

20
Q

A farmer stips cultivating a large tract of farmland and abandons it. The natural changes taking place soon afterwards, such as the growth of wild grasses and weeds, can be considered

A

secondary succession because there is already soil present

21
Q

By what process is CO2 removed from the atmosphere?

A

photosynthesis

22
Q

A species of Great Blue Heron feeds on small fish in a freshwater ecosystem. What would be the most direct result of a sudden decrease in the Great Blue Heron population

A

the fish population would increase

23
Q

As industry continues to grow and new construction takes place, what will happen to the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere over time?

A

increase

24
Q

Man-of-war fish cluster around the venomous tentacles of jellyfish to escape larger predators. The presence of the man-of-war fish does not harm or benefit the jellyfish. This type of relationship is

A

commensalism

25
Q

Which of the following most likely would be a part of the first community on a newly formed volcanic island?

A

lichens