Ecology

Question 1

Name 7 Abiotic Factors

Answer 1

Air, Water, Light, Wind, Soil, Ph, Temperature

Question 2

Name 5 biotic factors

Answer 2

Predation
Symbiosis
Disease Agents
Competition
Other organisms

Question 3

Name the food chain levels

Answer 3

Primary Producers
Primary Consumers
Secondary Consumers
Tertiary Consumers
Quaternary Consumers (Apex Consumers)

Question 4

What % of energy is transferred to the next level of consumer?

Answer 4

10%

Question 5

What is the water cycle?

Answer 5

Energy from the sun causes water to evaporate and evaporation of water from the leaves of plants
Water condenses into clouds which are blown from one region to another
The clouds move and rain liquid water which is known as precipitation
The water now goes into the soil, rivers and plants
Cycle can repeat

Question 6

Where’s Carbon Stored?

Answer 6

The Air

Plants

Soil

Fossil fuels

Animals

Question 7

How does the carbon cycle occur?

Answer 7

Plants absorb CO2 for photosynthesis
The carbon is either passed out using respiration or its consumed by animals
Animals will also respire and send CO2 back out
When the plants and animal die, the CO2 can be decayed and broken down, they can also be decayed in anaerobic conditions where they can slowly be turned into fossil fuels
Fossil fuels will then be burned by humans again which produces CO2

Question 8

What is biodiversity?

Answer 8

the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
Ex: Rainforests have a high biodiversity

Question 9

Name functions of Biodiversity

Answer 9

Keeping an ecosystem stable
We need animals for medicines

Question 10

Factors that effect biodiversity

Answer 10

Population
Consumer goods
Deforestation
Pollution
Human intervention

Question 11

Example of pollution in Air, Land and Water.

Answer 11

Water - Sewages and industries and farming chemicals pollute lakes rivers and oceans
Land - Nuclear and household waste are buried in landfills. Toxic chemicals still seep into the nearby ecosystems
Gas - Industrial processes release sulfur dioxide into the air which can harm organisms

Question 12

BIotic Factor Defenition

Answer 12

is any living part of the environment with which an organism might interact, including animals, plants, mushrooms, and bacteria.
Ex: Predatin

Question 13

Abiotic Factor Definition

Answer 13

A non-living part of the environment that effects living organisms
Chemical or Physical parts, light intensity, moisture levels, wind, ph, mineral content

Question 14

What will happen if biotic and abiotic factors change?

Answer 14

If a factor changes, the entire ecosystem will change.

Question 15

phosphorus cycle

Answer 15

The movement of phosphorus atoms from rocks through the biosphere and hydrosphere and back to rocks.

Question 16

nitrogen cycle

Answer 16

The transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil, to living organisms, and back to the atmosphere

Question 17

What does a food chain do?

Answer 17

Shows what eats what in an ecosystem.
Simplified food web
One chain

Question 18

food chain structure

Answer 18

energy, producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer, quaternary consumer
sun, grass, mice, owl, foxes, wolf

Question 19

How organisms corelate

Answer 19

Competition, Mutualism, parasitism

Question 20

How does energy work in trophic levels?

Answer 20

Every time you go up a trophic level, some energy gets lost; thus, there needs to be more energy to sustain organisms with a very high trophic level.
10% is passed on to the organisms in the next level

Question 21

Why do farmers use fertilizers?

Answer 21

They provide plants with materials needed for growth such as nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.

Question 22

Eutrophication

Answer 22

A process by which nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, become highly concentrated in a body of water, leading to increased growth of organisms such as algae or cyanobacteria.

Question 23

Environmental Problems

Answer 23

Deforestation
Habitat Destruction
Soil Problem
Erosion
Salinization - water-soluble salts accumulate in soilLoss of soil fertility
Water management problem
Overhunting
Invasive Species

Question 24

Ecology Investigations

Answer 24

The distribution of species (how spread out species are)
*The abundance of species (how many in number)
*Interactions between species
*Interactions between a species and its abiotic environment