Bio-Technology Flashcards
What is selective breeding?
Selective breeding involves choosing parents with particular characteristics to breed together and produce offspring with more desirable characteristics.
Ex: breed plants for crops with better yields
What is SCNT?
SCNT stands for Somatic cell nuclear transfer. SCNT is when a body cell nucleus is inserted into a enucleated stem cell and then inserted into a sheep whose offspring will have the desired characteristics of the father.
What is embryo Splitting
Embryo splitting is when a sperm cell and embryo are fused together and then cloned and inserted into other animals ofthe same species whose offsprings will be similar to the originals.
What is PCR?
Polymerase chain reaction (abbreviated PCR) is a laboratory technique for rapidly producing (amplifying) millions to billions of copies of a specific segment of DNA.
Give 2 examples of PCR?
Cloning, forensics, genome typing
Examples of genetically modified organisms
Spider goats have spider silk genes in their DNA so that they can produce silk In their milk.
Insulin Modification Order
Gene for human insulin found in chromosome 11
Gene from human cell removed from chromosome 11
Gene for human insulin inserted into a plasmid vector
Plasmid Vector enter bacterium
Bacterium divides by binary function
Bacterium produces human insulin
Whats DNA Fingerprinting used for?
Crime scenes
Seeing relations
How does DNA fingerprinting occur?
a cell sample is collected from blood or saliva. The DNA is extracted and then many copies are made using PCR. Restriction endonucleases are used to cut the DNA up. The DNA samples are put into Gel electrophoresis.
The lines produced by the DNA samples are compared to see matches.
Examples of GMOS
Cotton on clothes pest resistent
GM crops
Spider goats
Spider goat:
Milk contains silk
Silk can be used for clothes, and it is as strong as steal while being extremely light. It has many uses.
What advantages of GMOS are there?
It allows scientists to experiment with species, ex glow in dark mice.
It allows scientists to make breakthroughs with spine, cancer, and Parkinson. Crops can be modified to make them more pest resistant, more benefit and more.
Hows is genome mapping being used?
The change or mutation in the order of genes can result in diseases. These mutations can be found and tests can be formed to tell if someone is a carrier of a disease or genetic disorder.
How do vaccines work?
Contain antigens specific to the virus, the immune system forms antibodies against the antigens. The body is prepared to fight this infection now.
