ECOLOGICAL MODELS IN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY Flashcards
- Have a similar definition across 3 models
- Unique and holistic view of the person acknowledges the mind body and spirit
PERSON
help determine what is important, meaningful and enjoyable to the person
VALUES AND INTEREST
cognitive, social, emotional and sensorimotor skills as wells as abilities such as reading, balancing checkbook
SKILLS AND ABILITIES
form the person’s history and personal narrative
LIFE EXPERIENCE
- Can both create BARRIERS to and ENHANCE occupational performance
- Where occupational performance takes place and consists of PHYSICAL, CULTURAL and SOCIAL components
Environment (Context)
- most tangible
- built and natural features
- large elements: terrain and
structures - small objects such as tools
physical environment
based on shared experiences that determine VALUES, BELIEFS & CUSTOMS includes but not limited to:
* ethnicity
* religion
* national identity
cultural environment
close interpersonal relationships (family and friends)
* social groups (work groups or social organizations)
* also made up of large political and economic systems
SOCIAL environment
time-oriented factors associated with the person (milestones) and task (when it takes place, how often and how long)
TEMPORAL environment: (only for EHP)
has the biggest difference to the models
occupation/task
What model: Occupation is described as a series of nested concepts that make up occupation
PEOP AND PEO MODEL
what model:
- activities are basic units of tasks
- tasks are purposeful activities
- occupations are self-directed
tasks a person engages in.
PEO MODEL
What model:I
- Involves actions (observable behaviors)
- Tasks (combination of action and common purpose)
- Occupations (goal-directed, meaningful pursuits that typically extend over time)
PEOP MODEL
WHAT MODEL:
-purpose of the model is for
collaboration
- The term “task” would be more
accessible to other disciplines
EHP model
- intervention approach that does not assume a disability is present or that any aspect would interfere with performance.
- This approach is designed to provide enriched contextual and activity experiences that will enhance performance for all people in the natural contexts of life
CREATE/PROMOTE
Health promotion
Approach designed to change client variables to establish a skill or ability that has not yet developed or to restore a skill or ability that has been impaired
ESTABLISH/RESTORE
Remediation, restoration
Approach directed at “finding ways to revise the current context or activity demands to support performance in the natural setting including compensatory techniques
ADAPT/MODIFY
Compensation, adaptation
- Do not change the person, task or environment but are designed to make a better fit.
- Making a good match requires the OT to have strong skills in activity analysis and environmental assessment
ALTER
- Approach designed to address the needs of clients with or without a disability who are at risk for occupational performance problems.
- This approach is designed to prevent the occurrence or evolution of barriers to performance in context.
- Interventions may be directed at client, context, or activity variables
PREVENT
Disability prevention
EHP
Ecology of human performance
PEOP
Person environment occupational performance
PEO
person environment occupation
Who & When: EHP
Dunn, brown, McGuigan, 1994
Who & When: PEOP
Christiansen &Baum, 1997
