Echo Normals Flashcards
LVOT
1.8-2.2cm
Sinus of Valsalva
< /= 3.7cm
Ascending Ao
< /= 3.4cm
IVSDd (m/f)
6-10mm
6-9mm
LVIDd (m/f)
<59mm
<53mm
LPWDd (m/f)
6-10mm
6-9mm
LA (m/f)
< /= 40mm
< /= 38mm
Teichholz EF
> /= 55%
Fractional Shortening
25-47%
RWT
0.22-0.42
TV Inflow
<1 m/s
TR- on Doppler to approximate RVSP (vel and IVC press)
Vel < 2.4m/s
Press < 35mmHg
PV Outflow
< 1m/s
Wall Motion/Thickening
Hyperdynamic >70%
Normal 55-70%
Reduced < 55%
LAVI- LA volume index
< /= 34mL/m^2
Simpson’s EF (m/f)
52-72%
54-74%
Mitral Regurg (3 facts)
1) Severe MR
2) flow to the back of LA
3) PVs systolic flow reversal
Peak E (Doppler)
0.6-1.3 m/s
Decel time (Doppler)
160-220 ms
E/A ratio (Doppler)
0.8-2.0
Medial e’ (Doppler)
> /= 7 cm/s
Lateral e’ (Doppler)
> /= 10cm/s
Pulmonary Veins (fact)
S > D
RVIDd Base
< 41mm
RVIDd mid
< 35mm
TAPSE
> /= 1.7cm
Lateral s’ (Doppler)
> 9.5 cm/s
RAVI- RA volume index (m/f)
< /= 32 mL/m^2
< /= 27 mL/m^2
TR Severity (3 facts)
1) severe MR
2) flow to the back of RA
3) HVs systolic flow reversal
LVOT peak vel (Doppler)
< 1.5m/s
AI P1/2t (Doppler)
< 500ms
AV peak vel (Doppler)
< 1.7m/s
AV peak gradient (Doppler)
< 10mmHg
AV mean gradient (Doppler)
< 5mmHg
IVC Diameter
< /= 2.1cm
IVC Collapse
> /= 50%
Hepatic Veins (fact)
S > D
AR Severity (2 facts)
1) Severe AR
2) DA diastolic flow reversal
Descending Ao
< 2.0 m/s
Ao regurg (mild, mod, sev)
VC < /= 1/3 width mild
VC 1/3-2/3 width mod
VC > 2/3 width sev
