Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geology Fossils Unit > Echinoids > Flashcards

Echinoids Flashcards

1
Q

What is their phylum and types and class

A

Echinodermata
Regular and irregular
Echinoidea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a regular echinoids symmetry

What is a irregular echinoids symmetry

A

Five-fold symmetry

Bilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is their soft tissue body part called

A

Tube feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the skeleton called and what shape is it

A

Test

Hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does it consist many of and what are they made out of

A

Many interlocking plates

Calcite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two types of plates called

A

Ambulacra

Interambulacra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many plates are in total and how many of each

A

10

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which plate is narrower

A

Ambulacra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many rows of plates do the ambulacra consist of and what are they perforated by

A

2

Pore pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In real life what would pore pairs have

A

Tube feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do interambulacra plates have on their surface

A

Tubercles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In real life what would tubercles have attached on them

A

Spines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What view is where the anus if facing up

A

Aboral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What view is where the mouth is facing up

A

Oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the madreporite

A

Genital plate for taking in water for the water vascular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What were the tube feet used for

A

Respiration
Movement
Attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where is the apical system

A

In the centre of the upper or aboral surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The apical system consists of what

A

Ten plates arranged in two rings around a centre anus

19
Q

How many genital plates are there and what is the largest

A

5

Madreporite

20
Q

How does the madreporite work

A

It is perforated by many tiny pores allowing water to enter the animals water vascular system

21
Q

In-between the large plates are what

A

Smaler genital plates

22
Q

What is the anus surrounded by and what does it release

A

A membrane called the periproct

Waste, legs and sperm

23
Q

What is the mouth surrounded by

A

A membrane called the peristome

24
Q

How are the edges of the test shaped and what does this produce

A

They are turned inwards producing a lip

25
Q

What is this lip called

A

The perignathic girdle

26
Q

What is the structure of the feeding apparatus and what is it called

A

There are five jaws, each with a sharp tooth supported inside the mouth called Aristotle’s lantern

27
Q

What do the tubercles consist of

A 
The boss (a wide base)
the mamelon (a nipple like structure in the centre of the boss)
28
Q

How are the spines attached

A

Muscles attach the spine to the boss and the muscles contract to move the spines in a chosen direction

29
Q

What is the mode of life for regular echinoids

A

Live on rocky shores
High-energy environment
Feed on algae by scrapping it off rocks

30
Q

How are irregular echinoids characterised

A

By having the anus outside of the apical system

The anus has moved towards the edge of the test

31
Q

Named examples of irregular echinoids

A

Micraster

Sad dollar

32
Q

What does the mouth lack (Irregular)

A

Jaws and the perignathic girdle

33
Q

How does it feed (Irregular)

A

It takes in particles of water and filters these

34
Q

What is the labrum, where is it and what does it do

A

Large lip
On the lower side of the mouth
Used to direct the currents and prevent unwanted sediments getting into the mouth

35
Q

What is behind the labrum and what does it form

A

A modified set of interambulacra plates

Plastron

36
Q

What does the plastron have and do

A

Tubercles for attachement of spines

The spines are used to help dig a burrow or to move within it

37
Q

What is the ambulacra called on irregular echinoids

A

Petaloid ambulacra

38
Q

What do the petaloid ambulacra at the anterior end of the animal form

A

They are bigger

Form the anterior groove

39
Q

What is the anterior groove lined with and what do they do and what is it called

A

Lined with cilia
Beat to create a current to pass food particles to the mouth
Called the fasciole

40
Q

What is the modified area close to the anus called (Irregular)

A

Sub-anal fasciole

41
Q

What does the sub-anal fasciole do

A

Many beating cilia to take waste particles and direct them into the sanitary tube

42
Q

How are the tube feet on the two posterior ambulacra modified

A

To keep the burrow clean and maintain the sanitary tube

43
Q

What is their mode of life (Irregular)

A

Live in soft sediment
Low-energy environment (infaunal)
Filter feeder

Geology Fossils Unit (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions