ECG patterns

Question 1

hyperkalaemia

Answer 1

tall tented T waves

wide QRS

absent p waves

Question 2

hypokalaemia

Answer 2

absent/inverted T waves (sine appearance)

prolonged QT

U waves

prolonged PR interval

Question 3

nstemi

Answer 3

horizontal or downsloping ST depression

flattening/inversion of T waves

Question 4

ventricular tachycardia

Answer 4

rapid ventricular rate (>100 bpm)

broad QRS complexes

Question 5

broad QRS with slurred upstroke on R wave

Answer 5

WPW

Question 6

saddle shaped ST elevation

Answer 6

pericarditis

Question 7

irregularly irregular pulse/no clear P waves

Answer 7

atrial fibrillation

Question 8

broad complex tachycardia

Answer 8

ventricular problem

Question 9

saw tooth baseline

Answer 9

atrial flutter

Question 10

progressive PR prolongation leading to a dropped QRS wave

Answer 10

second degree heart block mobitz 1

Question 11

dropped QRS wave without any progressive PR prolongation

Answer 11

second degree heart block mobitz 2

Question 12

P waves without QRS

Answer 12

3rd degree heart block

Question 13

PR interval >0.2 seconds

Answer 13

1st degree heart block

Question 14

left bundle branch block

Answer 14

broad QRS complexes

deep QS wave in V1 (W)

wide notched complex in V6 (M)

Question 15

broad QRS with M pattern in V1, W shape in V5

Answer 15

right bundle branch block (MoRRoW)

Question 16

P wave immediately after QRS complex

Answer 16

AV node re-entry

Question 17

double waves and widened QRS

Answer 17

bundle branch block

Question 18

premature QRS complexes that are broad and bizarrely shaped. Followed by a compensatory pause

Answer 18

premature ventricular contractions

Question 19

chaotic rhythm

Answer 19

ventricular fibrillation

Question 20

flatline

Answer 20

asystole

Question 21

what can cause T wave inversion

Answer 21

myocardial ischaemia and PE

Question 22

pacemaker

Answer 22

presence of long straight lines preceding QRS complexes