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Cardio All > ECG (Interpretations, Rhythms, Differentials) > Flashcards

ECG (Interpretations, Rhythms, Differentials) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main types of SVTs?

A
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2
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3
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4
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5
Q

Ventricular rhythms

broad QRS, 3+ PVCs in a row

A

Ventricular tachycardia

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6
Q

Ectopic beats

early QRS, narrow QRS

A

AV junctional ectopics

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7
Q
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8
Q

SA nodal rhythms

>100bpm

A

Sinus tachycardia

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9
Q

AV block

non-conducted P waves: PR constant

A

Second-degree

Mobitz Type II

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10
Q

AV block

long PR

A

First-degree

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11
Q

Prominent U waves

A
  • • Hypokalemia
  • • Hypercalcemia
  • • Hyperthyroidism
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12
Q

What are the main types of Escape rhythms?

A
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13
Q

Atrial rhythms

sawtooth P, atrial rate 300/min, AV bl.

A

Atrial flutter

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14
Q

Atrial rhythms

>100bpm, abnormally shaped P waves

A

Atrial tachycardia

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15
Q

What are the main types of Ventricular rhythms?

A
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16
Q
A
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17
Q

Ventricular rhythms

broad QRS, HR <120bpm

A

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm

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18
Q

AV blocks

atria and ventricles are independent

A

Third-degree

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19
Q

Wide P wave

A

LAE

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20
Q

SA nodal rhythm

HR increases during inspiration

A

Sinus arrhythmia

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21
Q

SVTs

narrow QRS, inverted P, P half-buried

A

• AV re-entry tachycardia

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22
Q
A
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23
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24
Q
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25
Q

Ventricular rhythms

broad QRS, polymorphic, long QT

A

Torsades de pointes

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26
Q
A
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27
Q

Long PR interval

A
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28
Q

Short PR interval

A
  • Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome (LGL) is a pre-excitation syndrome of the heart due to abnormal electrical communication between the atria and the ventricles.
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29
Q
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30
Q
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31
Q

Conduction disturbances

V1: tiny R, S, R’; V6: small Q, R, S

A

Right bundle branch block

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32
Q

J waves present

A

Hypothermia

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33
Q
A
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34
Q

SVTs

narrow QRS, P buried inside QRS

A

AV nodal re-entry tachycardia

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35
Q
A
36
Q

Large R or S waves

A
37
Q

Escape rhythms

narrow QRS, absent P, 40-60bpm

A

AV junctional escape rhythm

38
Q
A
39
Q

Tall P wave

A

RAE

40
Q

Tall T waves

A
41
Q

What are the Atrial rhythms?

A
42
Q
A
43
Q

Conduction disturbances

V1: small Q, R, S; V6: R, S, R’

A

Left bundle branch block

44
Q

AV block

non-conducted P waves: progressive lengthening of PR

A

Second-degree

Mobitz Type I

45
Q
A
46
Q

ST segment depression

A
47
Q

Long QTc interval

A
48
Q
A
49
Q
A
50
Q
A
51
Q
A
52
Q
A
53
Q
A
54
Q
A
55
Q

Types of SA nodal rhythms

A
56
Q

SA nodal rhythms

dysfunction of sinus node: P fails, next P where expected

A

SA block

57
Q

Abnormal shaped QRS complexes

A
58
Q
A
59
Q

Wide QRS complexes

A
60
Q

Diffuse J point

A

Early repolarization, LVH with strain, pericarditis, acute MI

61
Q
A
62
Q

Small QRS complexes

A
63
Q

SA nodal rhythms

dysfunction of sinus node: <60bpm

A

Sinus bradycardia

64
Q

What are the main types of Ectopic beats?

A
65
Q

SA nodal rhythms

dysfunction of sinus node: P fails, next P not where expected

A

Sinus arrest

66
Q
A
67
Q
A
68
Q

Pathological Q waves

A
69
Q
A
70
Q

Ectopic beats

early QRS, broad QRS

A

Ventricular ectopics

71
Q

Ventricular rhythms

no identifiable waves, erratic

A

Ventricular fibrillation

72
Q

Atrial rhythms

no P waves, irregularly irregular

A

Atrial fibrillation

73
Q
A
74
Q
A
75
Q
A
76
Q

What are the main Conduction disturbances?

A
77
Q

Short QTc interval

A
78
Q

SA nodal rhythm

P wave for every QRS, QRS for every P wave

A

Sinus rhythm

79
Q

ST segment elevation

A
80
Q

Inverted T waves

A
81
Q

Ectopic beats

early P wave, abnormal P wave shape

A

Atrial ectopic beats

82
Q

What is the defining feature for each type of AV block?

A
83
Q

Small T waves

A
84
Q
A
85
Q

Escape rhythms

• broad QRS, absent P, 15-40bpm

A

Ventricular junct. escape rhythm

86
Q
A
87
Q
A

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