ECG basics

Question 1

septal leads face

Answer 1

V1 and V 2

Question 2

septal leads reciprocal changes seen in

Answer 2

V7, V8, V9

Question 3

anterior leads

Answer 3

V3, V4

Question 4

anterior leads reciprocal changes seen in

Answer 4

Nil (may see some in big MI

Question 5

lateral leads

Answer 5

I, AVL, V5, V6

Question 6

lateral leads reciprocal Chages in

Answer 6

II, III, AVF

Question 7

inferior leads

Answer 7

II, III< AVF

Question 8

inferior reciprocal changes in…

Answer 8

I, AVL

Question 9

poster leads

Answer 9

v 7-9

Question 10

posterior recepricol changes

Answer 10

V1, V2

Question 11

function of the pacemaker cells

Answer 11

These cells have automaticity and create the electrical conduction system of the heart

Question 12

large box on the ECG represents

Answer 12

200 ms

Question 13

small box on ECGs represents

Answer 13

40 ms

Question 14

When the depolarization is moving toward a positive electrode on the ecg, the complexes will be

Answer 14

upright

Question 15

outline PAILS

Answer 15

Posterior – anterior reciprocal changes

Anterior – inferior reciprocal changes

Inferior – lateral reciprocal changes

Lateral <-> inferior or septal reciprocal changes

Septal – posterior reciprocal changes

Question 16

normal QRS length

Answer 16

80-100ms

Question 17

wide QRS is

Answer 17

over 120ms

Question 18

normal PR length

Answer 18

120-200

Question 19

elevation considered ST elevation in our guidelines

Answer 19

More than or equal to 2 mm (200 μV) of ST elevation in two or more leads V1-3, or

More than or equal to 1 mm (100 μV) of ST elevation in two or more contiguous leads in any other area.

Question 20

normal T wave direction on ECG

Answer 20

upright in all leads expect avR and V1

Question 21

differentials for tall t waves

Answer 21

LBBB, WPW, Hyperkalaemia, MI, pericarditis

Question 22

normal presentation of T waves in Hyperkalaemia

Answer 22

narrow base and peaked

Question 23

presentation of T waves in suspected MI

Answer 23

broad base T waves, peaked and reciprocal changes

Question 24

isolated t wave inversion can be normal in….

Answer 24

AVL, AVR and V1

Question 25

shallow T wave inversion in V1-3 can be normal in…

Answer 25

children and some women

Question 26

when in QT condidered long in men and women

Answer 26

QTc is prolonged if greater then 440ms in men or > 460ms in women

Question 27

causes of prolonged QT

Answer 27

electrolyte imbalance, arrest, MI, medications

Question 28

QT greater then 500 is associated with

Answer 28

QTc > 500 is associated with an increased risk of torsades de pointes

Question 29

p wave is always inverted in…

Answer 29

AVR

Question 30

presentation of 1st degree HB

Answer 30

greater then 200 ms PR

Question 31

2nd degree type 1 HB presentation

Answer 31

progressive lengthening of PR interval with eventual dropped ventricular conduction

Question 32

2nd degree type 2 HB presentation

Answer 32

constant wide PR w/ intermittent dropping of ventricular conduction

Question 33

3rd degree HB presentation

Answer 33

complete dissociation between atria and ventricular

Question 34

RBBB presentation

Answer 34

RSR in V1 (‘M’), and ‘W’ in V6 (MARROW), normal axis

Question 35

LBBB presentation

Answer 35

septal depolarisation reversed so there is a change in initial direction of QRS (WILLIAM), normal axis