ECG Flashcards
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What does an ECG record
electrical activity of the heart
What is the purpose of the coronary sinus
blood returning from the coronary arteries and veins into the right atrium
What is AF and what does it entail
Atrial Fibrillation and this is when the atria do not contract together
When do the atria relax ( repolarise)
When the ventricles contract ( depolarisation )
What does the P wave represent
Atrial depolarization ( contraction )
What does the QRS wave represent
ventricular depolarization ( contraction )
What does the T wave represent
ventricular repolarization ( relax )
What does the QRS complex represent
time is taken for excitation through the ventricles (0.12)
Where does V1 get placed
4th intercostal space on the right sternal edge
Where does V2 get placed
4th intercostal space on the left sternal edge
Where does V4 get placed
midclavicular line 5th intercostal space
Where does V3 get placed
between V2 and V4
Where does V5 get placed
Anterior Axillary line 5th intercostal space
Where does V6 get placed
Mid Axillary line 6th intercostal space
What lead does V1 and V2 record
Right ventricle
What lead does V3 and V4 record
Ventricular septum
What lead does V5 and V6 record
Anterior and lateral wall left ventricle
What does the aVR lead pick up
right atrium
What does the aVL lead pick up
left lateral part of heart
What does the aVF lead pick up
inferior aspect of heart
What does Lead I and II look at
Left lateral
What does Lead III look at
Inferior part of heart
What are the limb leads
bipolar
What is sinus arrhythmia vs sinus rhythm vs atrial fibrillation
Sinus rhythm ( normal rhythm of heart from SAN) regular sinus arrhythmia ( not normal rhythm from SAN ) irregular regular irregular irregular
What is typical of Atrial Fibrillation
No P waves on ECG QRS complex of normal shape Irregular irregular pulse Atria not beating in harmony The danger of clot-forming due to stagnant blood in ventricles forming a clot
What is a common cause of Atrial Fibrillation
myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction
What is random up and down hills on an ECG and is it bad and what could it be
Ventricular Fibrillation and very bad ( crash team )
What would a completely flat line be
plug has come off the wall
What is asystole
very gradual lines and pretty much a cardiac arrest
What does a defibrillator do
Stops the heart to hope pacemaker cells can regain control
What is the first LUB sound caused by
atrioventricular valves closing (mitral and tricuspid )
What is the DUB sound caused by
aortic and pulmonary valves close
Where do all heart valves lie behind
sternum
Where are the valves the loudest
in the direction of blood flow
Where do you listen to the aortic valve
RIGHT 2nd intercostal space at sternal edge
Where do you listen to the pulmonary valve
LEFT 2nd intercostal space at sternal edge
Where do you listen to the tricuspid valve
4th sternal edge Left or Right
Where do you listen to the bicuspid valve
5th intercostal space mid clavicular line
