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NUR 213 > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

Analyzing the Rhythm- Steps

A 
Determine the regularity of R waves
Calculate the heart rate
Identify and examine P waves
Measure the PR Interval
Measure the QRS complex
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2
Q

ST segment - Elevated or Depressed: What does it mean?

A 
Elevation = acute myocardial injury
Depression = myocardial ischemia, hypokalemia, digitalis
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3
Q

Normal Sinus Rhythm

A 
Rhythm:   	   Regular
Rate:        	   60 – 100
P waves:   	   1 P wave before each QRS	
	                  Normal in appearance
PR:           	  .12 - .20 seconds
QRS:         	  < .12 seconds
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4
Q

Sinus Tachycardia

A 
Rhythm:   	Regular
Rate:   		100 - 160
P waves:	     	1 P wave before each QRS
				Normal in appearance	
PR:		.12 seconds - .20 seconds
QRS:		< .12 seconds
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5
Q

Sinus Bradycardia

A 
Rhythm:   	Regular
Rate:   		40 - 60
P waves:	     	1 P wave before each QRS
			Normal in appearance	
PR:		.12 seconds - .20 seconds
QRS:		< .10 seconds
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6
Q

Sinus Arrhythmia

A 
Rhythm:		Irregular
Rate:		60 - 100
P waves:		1 P wave for each QRS
				Normal in appearance
PR:		.12 seconds - .20 seconds
QRS:		< .10 seconds
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7
Q

Premature Atrial Contractions (PAC)

A 
Rhythm:		Underlying rhythm regular
				Irregular with PAC
Rate:		Rate of underlying Rhythm
P waves:		PAC P Wave is premature
				Abnormal in size, shape or direction
				May be hidden or inverted
PR:			.12 seconds - .20 seconds 
				(may be prolonged
QRS:		< .10 seconds
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8
Q

Atrial Tachycardia

A 
Rhythm:		Regular
Rate:		140-250
P waves:		Hidden in preceding T wave
PR:		Not measurable
QRS:		< .10 seconds
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9
Q

Atrial Flutter

A 
Rhythm:		Regular or irregular	
Rate:		Atrial rate 250 – 400
				Ventricular rate varies depending
				 on AV node conduction
P wave:		Absent
				Flutter waves present
PR:			Not measurable
QRS:		 < .10 seconds
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10
Q

Atrial Fibrillation

A 
Rhythm:		Very irregular
Rate:		Atrial rate 400 or more 
				Ventricular rate varies 
				depending on AV node conduciton
P wave:		Absent
				Fibrillatory waves present
PR:			Not measurable
QRS:		 < .10 seconds
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11
Q

Premature Junctional Contraction (PJC)

A

Rhythm: Underlying rhythm usually regular
Irregular with PJC
Rate: Rate of underlying rhythm
P wave: P wave with PJC will be inverted
May be before, during, or after QRS
PR: < .10 seconds
QRS: < .10 seconds

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12
Q

Junctional Rhythm

A 
Rhythm:		Regular
Rate:		40 - 60
P wave:		Inverted, may occur before, 
				during or after QRS
PR:		 <  .10 seconds
QRS:		 <  .10 seconds
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13
Q

Accelerated Junctional Rhythm

A 
Rhythm:		Regular
Rate:		60 - 100
P wave:		Inverterd, May occur before, 
				during or after QRS
PR:		 < .10 seconds
QRS:		 < .10 seconds
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14
Q

Paroxysmal Junctional Tachycardia

A 
Rhythm:		Regular
Rate:		> 100 
P wave:		Inverted, May occur before
				during or after QRS	
PR:		 < .10 seconds
QRS:		 < .10 seconds
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15
Q

Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

A 
Generic term meaning a rapid heart rate above the ventricle
Sinus Tachycardia
Atrial Tachycardia
Atrial flutter with a 2 to 1 conduction
Junctional tachycardia
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16
Q

First Degree Heart Block

A 
Rhythm:		Regular
Rate:		Same as underlying rhythm
P wave:		1 sinus P wave for each QRS
PR:		Prolonged > .20 seconds
QRS:		 < .10 seconds
17
Q

Second Degree Heart Block Type I (Mobitz 1 or wenckebach)

A

Rhythm: Atrial – Regular
Ventricular - Irregular
Rate: Atrial – same as underlying rhythm
Ventricular – less than atrial: dependent
on AV conduction
P wave: Sinus
PR: Progressively lengthens until a P wave
occurs without a QRS
QRS: < .10 seconds

18
Q

Second Degree Heart Block Type II (Mobitz II)

A

Rhythm: Atrial – Regular
Ventricular - Irregular
Rate: Atrial – same as underlying rhythm
Ventricular - < than atrial: depends on
AV node conduction
P wave: Sinus: Multiple P waves for each QRS
PR: .12 - .20, May be prolonged
Remains constant
QRS: Normal to wide depending on location of block

19
Q

Third Degree Heart Block

A 
Rhythm:		Atrial Regular
				Ventricular Regular
Rate:		Atrial – same as underlying rhythm
				Ventricular – 40 – 60 if AV paced
					  30 – 40 if paced by ventricle
P wave:		Sinus
				No relationship to QRS
PR:			No relationship
QRS:		 < .10 seconds if AV paced
				 > .10 if paced by ventricules
20
Q

Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)

A 
Rhythm:		Regular
				Irregular with PVC
Rate:		Same as underlying rhythm
P wave:		Absent associated with PVC
PR:		Not measurable
QRS:		Premature
		Wide (> .12) and Bizarre
21
Q

Characteristics of PVC’s

A 
Uniform – PVC’s from the same focus
Multifocal – PVC’s from multiple foci
Bigeminal PVC – PVC every 2nd beat
Trigeminal PVC – PVC every 3rd beat
Paired or couplet – Two PVC’s together
22
Q

Ventricular Tachycardia

A 
Rhythm:		Regular
Rate:		140 - 250
P wave:		Absent
PR:		Absent
QRS:		> .12 seconds
23
Q

Ventricular Fibrillation “coarse” or “fine”

A 
Rhythm:		Chaotic
Rate:		0
P wave:		Absent
PR:		Absent
QRS:		Absent
24
Q

Idioventricular Rhythm

A 
Rhythm:		Regular
Rate:		30 - 40
P wave:		Absent
PR:		Absent
QRS:		> .12 seconds
25
Q

Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm

A 
Rhythm:		Regular
Rate:		50 -100
P wave:		Absent
PR:		Absent
QRS:		> .12 seconds
26
Q

Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)

A

Rhythm that does not generate a pulse
May be junctional bradycardia to sinus rhythm
Does the patient have a pulse with that rhythm
Causes: Tension pneumothorax, pericardial tamponade, severe internal bleeding,
pulmonary embolism, & MI

27
Q

Asystole

A 
Rhythm:		Absent
Rate:		0	
P wave:		Absent
PR:		Absent
QRS:		Absent

NUR 213 (13 decks)

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