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Cardiorespiratory Biology > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

P wave

A

• The first event in the cardiac cycle is the depolarisation of the sino atrial node
Dp from right to left atria
Generates P wave
Reflect SA node activity

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2
Q

PR Interval

A

Dp spreads thru AV node to ventricle
Conduction thru AV node is slowed to allow ventricles to be filled
Slowed conduction = PR Interval

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3
Q

duration of PR Interval

A

more than 0.12 s but less than 0.2 s

>0.12. and <0.2

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4
Q

QRS Complex

A

Conduction from AV node to Bundle of His through Purkinje fibres and epicardium
QRS complex does not need to have all 3 componenets

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5
Q

Q wave

A

a negative wave preceding the R wave
depolarisation of ventricular septum
in I II AvL V5 V6

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6
Q

R wave

A

upward deflection

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7
Q

S wave

A

deflection below the isoelectric line

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8
Q

T wave

A

depolarisation frome endocardium to epicardium
repolarisation in opposite direction - epicardium to endocardium
when it moves in opposite direction the T wave is in same deflection as QRS complex

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9
Q

U waves

A

small deflections in same direction as T wave

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10
Q

T wave does not measure depolarisation of atria but depolarisation of endocardium and epicardium why

A

ventricular repolarisation

look back at it

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11
Q

limb leads

A

I, II, III

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12
Q

Augmented leads

A

AvR, AvL, AvF

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13
Q

limb leads and augmented leads view heart in what plane

A

vertical plane

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14
Q

chest leads view the heart in what plane

A

horizontal plane

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15
Q

T wave is always in the ___ direction as the QRS Complex

A

same direction

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16
Q

Lead I

A

from right arm to left arm

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17
Q

Lead II

A

From right arm to left leg

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18
Q

Lead III

A

From left arm to left leg

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19
Q

Lead AvF

A

lead I to left leg

20
Q

Lead AvL

A

lead II to left arm

21
Q

Lead AvR

A

lead III to right arm

22
Q

anterior surface seen in leads

A

V1
V2
V3
V4

23
Q

Lateral surface in seen in leads

A

I
AvL
V5
V6

24
Q

Inferior surface in seen in leads

A

II
III
AvF

25
Q

Right side of the heart seen in leads

A

AvR

V1

26
Q

chest leads

A

V1 - V6

27
Q

How is rhythm important in reporting the ECG

A

Rate should be ~60-100 bpm in the R-R Interval
Regular pattern
Every P wave should produce a QRS Complex

28
Q

Conduction Intervals

A

Conduction thru AV Node is slowed and produces PR interval of 0.12-0.2s
Depolarisation of ventricles is rapid and spreads equally to left and right = QRS should be narrow w/ a single peak

29
Q

AvL detects nothing because…

A

perpendicular to the flow of depolarisation

30
Q

Cardiac Axis

A

cardiac axis represents the general direction of depolarisation w/ the heart
starts in top right (SA node) and spreads to bottom left and apex of heart

31
Q

what does cardiac axis determine

A

determines whether a particular lead is large

or small, positive or negative.

32
Q

aVL meaning and the location of the positive electrode

A

Lead aVL Augmented Vector Left, positive electrode left shoulder.

33
Q

aVR meaning and the location of the positive electrode

A

Lead aVR Augmented Vector Right, positive electrode right shoulder.

34
Q

aVF

A

Lead aVF Augmented Vector Foot, positive electrode on Foot.

35
Q

where is V1 positioned

A

Fourth intercostals space, right sterna border

36
Q

where is V2 positioned

A

Fourth intercostals space, left sterna border

37
Q

where is V3 positioned

A

One-half way between V2 and V4 in straight line with them

38
Q

where is V4 positioned

A

Fifth intercostals space, left midclavicular line

39
Q

where is V5 positioned

A

Fifth intercostals space, left anterior auxiliary line

40
Q

where is V6 positioned

A

Fifth intercostals space, left midauxiliary line.

41
Q

what leads detects the inferior wall of the left ventricle

A

II, III aVF

42
Q

what leads detect lateral wall of the left ventricle

A

I, aVL, V5, V6

43
Q

what leads detect lateral wall of the intraventricular septum

A

V1, V2

44
Q

what leads detect anterior wall of the left ventricle

A

V3, V4

45
Q

what leads detect anterior wall of the left ventricle

A

V3R, V4R

46
Q

what leads detect posterior left ventricle

A

V7, V8, V9

Cardiorespiratory Biology (25 decks)

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