ECF Control II (lec 14)

Question 1

Iso-, Hypo-, or Hyperosmotic disturbances refer to what?

Answer 1

osmolarity of ECF

Question 2

Diabetes Insipidus (DI) results in what osmotic state?

Answer 2

Hyperosmotic

Question 3

DI results from what?

Answer 3

very low or ineffective ADH

Question 4

DI presentation:

Plasma?

Urine?

Sxs?

Answer 4

high plasma osmo

low urine osmo

polyuria, polydipsia

Question 5

Central (neurogenic) DI caused by?

Answer 5

impaired ability to produce AHD ->

leads to low plasma ADH

Question 6

Nephrogenic DI caused by?

Answer 6

kidney inability to respond to ADH ->

leads to high plasma ADH

Question 7

↑ Na+ intake results in?

Answer 7

slide 7???

↑Posm -> thirst/H2O intake ->
↑ Pvol -> ↑ ANP, ↑ MAP, ↓ SNS ->
↑ Na+ excretion ->
↓ Pvol

Question 8

Acute H2O load results in?

Answer 8

hyposmotic vol expansion

↑ free H2O -> ↑ Posm ->
↓ Plasma ADH ->
↓ CD water permeability ->
↑ diuresis

Question 9

SIADH results in what osmotic state?

Answer 9

Hyposmotic vol expansion

Question 10

SIADH does what to ADH secretion?

Answer 10

excessive increase in ADH

Question 11

SIADH results in?

Answer 11

chronic ECF dilution:
hyponatremia
hypervolemia (↑ ECF vol)
↓ aldosterone -> ↑ Na+ loss
dilution/expansion of ISF

Question 12

Na+ determines the volume of what?

Answer 12

ECF compartment

is major cation

Question 13

Na+ loss (U) caused by?

Answer 13

diarrhea, vomiting

isotonic causes -> Δs in body water

Question 14

Hyponatremia (U) result of?

Answer 14

↑ ADH,

↑ thirst/H2O ingestion

Question 15

Hypernatremia (U) result of?

Answer 15

H2O loss,

Na+ gain